González José A, Gayubo Severiano F, Asís Josep D, Tormos José
Area de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca E-37071, Spain.
Environ Entomol. 2009 Jun;38(3):608-26. doi: 10.1603/022.038.0312.
Between 1997 and 2005, a study was made of the Chrysididae, Eumeninae, and Spheciformes wasps in the Arribes del Duero Natural Park (Provinces of Salamanca and Zamora, western Spain), a highly heterogeneous Mediterranean landscape. We collected, respectively, 127, 57, and 230 species of these groups, constituting approximately 50% of the species known for the Iberian Peninsula. The inventory was fairly complete according to the final slope of the species accumulation curves. From a biogeographic point of view, the predominant elements of the Arribes del Duero fauna are Mediterranean in the broad sense, together with a high percentage of species of Euro-Atlantic distribution. The proportion of endemic species obtained is similar to those known for the whole of the Iberian Peninsula. The species endemic to the northern subplateau and to the southwestern quadrant predominate. The Arribes del Duero territory is the northern limit of the distribution of some Iberian-Maghrebine species, although it is also the southern limit of species widely distributed throughout central and northern Europe. The Atlantic influence in the territory has facilitated the persistence of some species, with an Atlantic or sub-Atlantic distribution, related in particular to riparian forests. This space constitutes a large eco-corridor that joins the north of the Peninsula to the south, linking communities corresponding to the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean biogeographic regions and to territories encompassed within the Temperate and Mediterranean macrobioclimates. Thus, because of its geographic situation and extensive latitudinal range, together with the fact that it has a good representation of European biodiversity, the Arribes del Duero Park is proposed as a priority area for insect diversity conservation in the Mediterranean region.
1997年至2005年间，对位于西班牙西部杜罗河畔自然公园（萨拉曼卡省和萨莫拉省）的青蜂科、蜾蠃科及泥蜂总科黄蜂进行了研究，该公园是一个高度异质的地中海景观区域。我们分别采集到了这些类群的127种、57种和230种，约占伊比利亚半岛已知物种的50%。根据物种积累曲线的最终斜率，该物种清单相当完整。从生物地理学角度来看，杜罗河畔的动物区系主要元素从广义上讲是地中海型的，同时具有高比例的欧洲-大西洋分布物种。所获得的特有物种比例与整个伊比利亚半岛已知的比例相似。北部高原和西南象限的特有物种占主导。杜罗河畔地区是一些伊比利亚-马格里布物种分布的北部界限，尽管它也是广泛分布于中欧和北欧的物种的南部界限。该地区的大西洋影响促进了一些具有大西洋或亚大西洋分布的物种的留存，特别是与河岸森林相关的物种。这片区域构成了一条巨大的生态走廊，连接着半岛北部和南部，将对应于欧洲西伯利亚和地中海生物地理区域以及温带和地中海大生物气候范围内的区域的群落联系起来。因此，由于其地理位置和广阔的纬度范围，以及它很好地代表了欧洲生物多样性这一事实，杜罗河畔自然公园被提议作为地中海地区昆虫多样性保护的优先区域。
