Sanders J P, Potter D E, Ellis S, Bee D E, Grant J A
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1977 Sep;60(3):174-9. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(77)90121-x.
Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to selective beta-adrenergic bronchodilators, carbuterol and metaproterenol, were studied during an asymptomatic period in 8 male subjects with bronchial asthma diagnosed as mile to moderate. On separate days each individual received either placebo, carbuterol 2 mg, carbuterol 4 mg, or metaproterenol 20 mg orally in a double-blind fashion. Subsequently, metabolic and cardiovascular responses were measured periodically for 5 hr. Carbuterol 2 mg was indistinguishable from placebo except for small elevations of glucose at 3 and 4 hr. Carbuterol 4 mg produced significant increases in glucose, insulin, lactate, and free fatty acids as well as in pulse rate and arterial pulse pressure. Metaproterenol produced increases only in plasma glucose and insulin. The majority of patients reported drug-related side effects which were all mild, after taking either carbuterol 4 mg or metaproterenol 20 mg. Fewer subjective side effects were noted with carbuterol 2 mg. These findings indicate that a 2-mg dose of carbuterol can be administered to typical asthmatic subjects without significant subjective or objective side effects. The larger dose (4 mg) may be accompanied by a greater frequency of side effects.
在8名被诊断为轻度至中度支气管哮喘的男性受试者无症状期，研究了对选择性β-肾上腺素能支气管扩张剂卡布特罗和间羟异丙肾上腺素的代谢及心血管反应。在不同日期，每位受试者以双盲方式口服安慰剂、2毫克卡布特罗、4毫克卡布特罗或20毫克间羟异丙肾上腺素。随后，定期测量5小时内的代谢和心血管反应。2毫克卡布特罗与安慰剂无明显差异，仅在3小时和4小时血糖略有升高。4毫克卡布特罗使血糖、胰岛素、乳酸和游离脂肪酸以及脉搏率和动脉脉压显著升高。间羟异丙肾上腺素仅使血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素升高。大多数患者在服用4毫克卡布特罗或20毫克间羟异丙肾上腺素后报告了与药物相关的副作用，均为轻度。2毫克卡布特罗引起的主观副作用较少。这些发现表明，2毫克剂量的卡布特罗可用于典型哮喘患者，而无明显的主观或客观副作用。较大剂量（4毫克）可能伴随更高频率的副作用。
