Primary Care, Servicio Navarro de Salud, Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Oct;63(10):1213-9. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.45. Epub 2009 Jun 24.
To assess the association between the intake of dietary fibre and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.
Baseline cross-sectional assessment of 457 men and women (average age 67 years) from two different Spanish centres of the PREDIMED trial. A previously validated food frequency questionnaire (137 food items) was administered by trained dieticians in a face-to-face interview. Mean common carotid IMT was measured using B-mode ultrasound imaging of the right and left carotid arteries by four certified sonographers who used a common protocol. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were performed and samples of fasting blood were obtained. Participants were categorized into four groups (roughly quartiles: < or =21; >21 to < or =25; >25 to < or =31 and >31 g/day) of energy-adjusted intake of dietary fibre. Multiple linear regression models were used to adjust for age, sex, centre, smoking, body mass index, diabetes, blood pressure, lipid levels and statin use.
In the crude analyses, energy-adjusted fibre intake showed a significant inverse correlation with IMT (r=-0.27, P<0.001). In multivariate analyses, a modest, though statistically significant (P=0.03) inverse association between energy-adjusted fibre intake and IMT was also found. The multivariate-adjusted difference in average IMT was -0.051 mm (95% confidence interval: -0.094 to-0.009, P=0.02) for participants whose intake was >35 g/day, (n=47) when compared with those whose intake was <25 g/day (n=224).
Our results suggest that high fibre intake is inversely associated with carotid atherosclerosis.
评估高心血管风险的地中海人群膳食纤维摄入量与颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）之间的关系。
对来自西班牙两个不同中心的 PREDIMED 试验的 457 名男性和女性（平均年龄 67 岁）进行基线横断面评估。由经过培训的营养师通过面对面访谈进行了先前经过验证的食物频率问卷（137 种食物）调查。使用 B 型超声对右侧和左侧颈动脉进行平均颈总动脉 IMT 测量，由四位经过认证的超声医师使用共同协议进行。进行了人体测量和血压测量，并采集了空腹血样。参与者按膳食纤维的能量调整摄入量分为四组（大致四分位数：<或=21；>21 至<或=25；>25 至<或=31 和>31 g/天）。使用多元线性回归模型调整年龄、性别、中心、吸烟、体重指数、糖尿病、血压、血脂水平和他汀类药物的使用。
在未经调整的分析中，能量调整后的纤维摄入量与 IMT 呈显著负相关（r=-0.27，P<0.001）。在多元分析中，也发现能量调整后的纤维摄入量与 IMT 之间存在适度但具有统计学意义的负相关（P=0.03）。与每日摄入量<25 g（n=224）的参与者相比，每日摄入量>35 g（n=47）的参与者的平均 IMT 差异的多变量调整后差异为-0.051 mm（95%置信区间：-0.094 至-0.009，P=0.02）。
我们的结果表明，高纤维摄入量与颈动脉粥样硬化呈负相关。
