Economou Marina, Richardson Clive, Gramandani Christina, Stalikas Anastassios, Stefanis Costas
University Mental Health Research Institute, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2009 Jul;55(4):361-71. doi: 10.1177/0020764008093957.
This study was the first national survey ever conducted in Greece aiming to monitor the level of stigma Greeks hold against people with schizophrenia (PWS).
To investigate sources, degree of knowledge and attitudes towards PWS in Greece.
A cross-sectional nationwide survey was conducted by face-to-face household interviews ( n = 1,199, aged 15 years and over).
Television was the main source of information (65.9%). Negative portrayals of PWS were recalled by 60.5%. Only 27.7% attributed schizophrenia to a combination of psychosocial, genetic and environmental factors. Respondents believed that PWS are dangerous (74.6%), have split personalities (81.3%) and cannot work (83.2%). Regarding attitudes, a negative relationship between closeness and social distance was observed. Most respondents (92.1%) would not marry someone with schizophrenia, half (50.5%) would be disturbed by working with PWS and one third (32.9%) would feel afraid to start a conversation. Urban residence and higher education were generally associated with better knowledge and more positive attitudes towards PWS.
Knowledge about schizophrenia in Greece is poor. The Greek public has stigmatizing attitudes towards PWS. Educational interventions should especially target rural and semi-urban residents of a lower educational level. The role of television can be crucial.
本研究是希腊首次开展的旨在监测希腊人对精神分裂症患者（PWS）的污名化程度的全国性调查。
调查希腊对精神分裂症患者的认知来源、认知程度及态度。
通过面对面入户访谈开展了一项全国性横断面调查（n = 1199，年龄15岁及以上）。
电视是主要信息来源（65.9%）。60.5%的人回忆起对精神分裂症患者的负面描述。只有27.7%的人认为精神分裂症是心理社会、遗传和环境因素共同作用的结果。受访者认为精神分裂症患者很危险（74.6%）、有多重人格（81.3%）且无法工作（83.2%）。在态度方面，观察到亲密程度与社会距离之间存在负相关关系。大多数受访者（92.1%）不会与精神分裂症患者结婚，一半（50.5%）的人会因与精神分裂症患者共事而感到困扰，三分之一（32.9%）的人会害怕与他们开始交谈。城市居民和受过高等教育者通常对精神分裂症患者有更好的认知和更积极的态度。
希腊对精神分裂症的认知较差。希腊公众对精神分裂症患者持有污名化态度。教育干预应特别针对教育水平较低的农村和半城市居民。电视的作用可能至关重要。
