University of California at San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
Patient Educ Couns. 2009 Aug;76(2):174-80. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.06.001. Epub 2009 Jun 27.
This paper explores the behavior change method of goal-setting and reviews the literature on goal-setting in primary care for patients with chronic conditions.
A literature search was conducted resulting in eight articles meeting the criteria of goal-setting interventions in primary care for adults or adolescents with chronic conditions.
Hypotheses are advanced that goal-setting is generally conducted by collaboratively working with patients to set short-term and specific goals, with follow-up to provide feedback to patients. The articles reviewed generally confirmed these hypotheses. This review did not focus on clinical outcomes, but on the processes of engaging patients in goal-setting discussions.
Evidence that goal-setting is superior to other behavior change methods has not been shown. Since goal-setting is being utilized as a behavior change technique in many primary care sites, primary care practices can benefit from information on how best to implement this innovation.
Generally, clinicians are minimally involved in goal-setting discussions with their patients. Engaging patients in goal-setting can be done with interactive computer programs and non-clinical members of the primary care team.
本文探讨了目标设定的行为改变方法，并回顾了初级保健中针对慢性病患者的目标设定文献。
进行了文献检索，最终有 8 篇文章符合成人或青少年慢性病患者初级保健中目标设定干预的标准。
提出了假设，即目标设定通常是通过与患者合作，设定短期和具体的目标，并进行随访，为患者提供反馈。综述的文章普遍证实了这些假设。本综述并未关注临床结果，而是关注让患者参与目标设定讨论的过程。
尚未证明目标设定优于其他行为改变方法。由于目标设定作为一种行为改变技术在许多初级保健场所被使用，因此初级保健实践可以从关于如何最好地实施这一创新的信息中受益。
一般来说，临床医生很少参与与患者的目标设定讨论。可以使用交互式计算机程序和初级保健团队的非临床成员让患者参与目标设定。
