Willmott Catherine, Ponsford Jennie, Hocking Chris, Schönberger Michael
School of Psychology, Psychiatry & Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Australia.
Neuropsychology. 2009 Jul;23(4):424-32. doi: 10.1037/a0015058.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of impaired information processing speed and strategic control of attention to performance on attentional tasks after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Forty moderately to severely injured rehabilitation inpatients and 40 healthy controls completed a selection of attentional tasks. Slowed processing speed in the TBI group was identified on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), 2&7 Selective Attention Test (2&7), Selective Attention (SAT), and Four Choice Reaction Time (4CRT) tasks. Impaired working memory was evident on the Letter Number Sequencing (LNS) task. Structural equation modeling revealed that the group difference in RT on the complex SAT was accounted for by slowed speed of processing on the simple SAT, and not working memory. TBI participants made more errors and missed responses on the complex version of the SAT, suggesting impairment in some aspects of strategic control of attention, and appeared unable to benefit from the automatic condition of the 2&7 Test. There was little evidence of deficit on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART). The present study provides evidence for a significant contribution of slowed processing speed to impaired performance on attentional tasks after TBI.
本研究的目的是调查创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后信息处理速度受损和注意力的策略控制对注意力任务表现的影响。40名中度至重度受伤的康复期住院患者和40名健康对照者完成了一系列注意力任务。在符号数字模态测验（SDMT）、2&7选择性注意力测验（2&7）、选择性注意力测验（SAT）和四选一反应时（4CRT）任务中，发现TBI组的处理速度减慢。在字母数字排序（LNS）任务中，工作记忆受损明显。结构方程模型显示，复杂SAT任务中反应时的组间差异是由简单SAT任务中处理速度减慢导致的，而非工作记忆。TBI参与者在复杂版SAT任务中出现更多错误且漏答，表明在注意力的策略控制方面存在某些损伤，并且似乎无法从2&7测验的自动条件中获益。在持续注意力反应任务（SART）中几乎没有缺陷的证据。本研究为处理速度减慢对TBI后注意力任务表现受损有显著影响提供了证据。
