Webb L, Beaumont D J, Nager R G, McCracken D I
Land Economy & Environment Research Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, UK.
Bull Entomol Res. 2010 Apr;100(2):175-83. doi: 10.1017/S0007485309006981. Epub 2009 Jul 9.
Very few studies have examined, at the field scale, the potential for faecal residues in the dung of avermectin-treated cattle to affect dung-breeding insects. The current study examined populations of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Aphodius) using pitfall traps baited with dung from untreated cattle on 26 fields across eight farms in southwest Scotland. The fields were grazed either by untreated cattle or by cattle treated with an avermectin product, i.e. doramectin or ivermectin. During the two-year study, significantly more beetles were trapped in fields grazed by treated cattle (n=9377 beetles) than in fields where cattle remained untreated (n=2483 beetles). Additional trials showed that beetles preferentially colonised dung of untreated versus doramectin-treated cattle. This may explain the higher captures of beetles in traps baited with dung of untreated cattle, which were located in fields of treated cattle. Given that Aphodius beetles avoided dung of treated cattle in the current study, the potential harmful effects of avermectin residues in cattle dung could be reduced through livestock management practices that maximise the availability of dung from untreated livestock in areas where avermectins are being used.
很少有研究在田间尺度上考察经阿维菌素处理的牛粪便中的粪便残留物对在粪便中繁殖的昆虫的影响潜力。本研究在苏格兰西南部八个农场的26块田地上，使用装有未经处理的牛粪诱饵的陷阱诱捕器，对蜣螂（金龟科：隐翅甲属）种群进行了研究。这些田地要么由未经处理的牛放牧，要么由用阿维菌素产品（即多拉菌素或伊维菌素）处理过的牛放牧。在为期两年的研究中，用经处理的牛放牧的田地（捕获9377只甲虫）比牛未接受处理的田地（捕获2483只甲虫）捕获到的甲虫明显更多。额外的试验表明甲虫优先在未经处理的牛而非多拉菌素处理过的牛粪便中定殖。这可能解释了在用经处理的牛放牧的田地中，装有未经处理的牛粪诱饵陷阱捕获到更多甲虫的原因。鉴于在本研究中隐翅甲属甲虫避开了经处理的牛的粪便，通过牲畜管理措施，在使用阿维菌素的地区最大限度地提供未经处理牲畜的粪便，牛粪中阿维菌素残留物的潜在有害影响可能会降低。
