Lynch James H, Bove Alfred A
5th Special Forces Group, United States Army, Fort Campbell, KY, USA.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;22(4):399-407. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2009.04.080099.
Recreational scuba diving is a growing sport worldwide, with an estimated 4 million sport divers in the United States alone. Because divers may seek medical care for a disorder acquired in a remote location, physicians everywhere should be familiar with the physiology, injury patterns, and treatment of injuries and illnesses unique to the underwater environment. Failure to properly recognize, diagnose, and appropriately treat some diving injuries can have catastrophic results. In addition, recreational dive certification organizations require physical examinations for medical clearance to dive. This article will review both common and potentially life-threatening conditions associated with diving and will review current evidence behind fitness to dive considerations for elderly divers and those with common medical conditions.
休闲水肺潜水在全球范围内是一项不断发展的运动，仅在美国就估计有400万潜水爱好者。由于潜水者可能会因在偏远地区患上的疾病而寻求医疗护理，各地的医生都应该熟悉水下环境特有的生理学、损伤模式以及伤病的治疗方法。未能正确识别、诊断和妥善治疗某些潜水损伤可能会带来灾难性后果。此外，休闲潜水认证机构要求进行体检以获得潜水的医疗许可。本文将回顾与潜水相关的常见和潜在危及生命的情况，并审视当前关于老年潜水者和患有常见疾病者潜水适宜性考量背后的证据。
