Sioen Isabelle, De Henauw Stefaan, Van Camp John, Volatier Jean-Luc, Leblanc Jean-Charles
Department of Public Health, Ghent University, UZ - 2 Blok A, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Nov;55(2):219-28. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.07.003. Epub 2009 Jul 7.
This article discusses the seafood consumption worldwide as well as the related nutritional-toxicological conflict. An exposure assessment was performed using seafood consumption data from the Global Environment Monitoring System and nutrient and contaminant concentration data. The data indicated that the region of Japan, Korea, Madagascar and Philippines have the highest seafood consumption, followed by the Nordic-Baltic countries and South-East Asia. In Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Philippines and the Nordic-Baltic countries, pelagic marine fishes are highly consumed compared to fresh water fishes in South-East Asia. Because pelagic fishes are oily fishes, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Philippines and the Nordic-Baltic countries have high omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D intake. Iodine intake is influenced by the demersal fish consumption. The current intake of these nutrients via seafood consumption is still below the recommendations. From the toxicological side, the data indicate that none of the seafood groups had a median contaminant concentration above the EU maximum limits. Though, the results show that in some regions the contaminant intake exceeded the international health-based guidance values, mainly focussing on sensitive subpopulations. In contrast, when using less stringent guidance values relevant for non-sensitive subpopulations, the results show that the benefits of increased seafood consumption outweigh the risks.
本文讨论了全球范围内的海产品消费情况以及相关的营养 - 毒理学冲突。利用全球环境监测系统的海产品消费数据以及营养成分和污染物浓度数据进行了暴露评估。数据表明，日本、韩国、马达加斯加和菲律宾地区的海产品消费量最高，其次是北欧 - 波罗的海国家和东南亚地区。在日本、韩国、马达加斯加、菲律宾以及北欧 - 波罗的海国家，与东南亚地区消费淡水鱼相比，远洋海鱼的消费量更高。由于远洋鱼类是油性鱼类，日本、韩国、马达加斯加、菲律宾以及北欧 - 波罗的海国家的omega - 3脂肪酸和维生素D摄入量较高。碘的摄入量受底栖鱼类消费的影响。目前通过海产品消费摄入的这些营养素仍低于推荐量。从毒理学角度来看，数据表明没有任何一类海产品的污染物浓度中位数超过欧盟的最高限量。不过，结果显示在某些地区，污染物摄入量超过了基于健康的国际指导值，主要集中在敏感亚人群体。相比之下，当使用与非敏感亚人群体相关的不太严格的指导值时，结果表明增加海产品消费的益处大于风险。
