French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire, 27-31 Avenue du Général Leclerc, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
Br J Nutr. 2012 Jun;107(12):1812-22. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511005010. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
Seafood provides n-3 long-chain PUFA (n-3 LC-PUFA), vitamins and minerals, which are essential to maintain good health. Moreover, seafood is a source of contaminants such as methylmercury, arsenic and persistent organic pollutants that may affect health. The aim of the present study was to determine in what quantities seafood consumption would provide nutritional benefits, while minimising the risks linked to food contaminants. Seafood was grouped into clusters using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Those nutrients and contaminants were selected for which it is known that seafood is a major source. The risk-benefit analysis consisted in using an optimisation model with constraints to calculate optimum seafood cluster consumption levels. The goal was to optimise nutrient intakes as well as to limit contaminant exposure with the condition being to attain recommended nutritional intakes without exceeding tolerable upper intakes for contaminants and nutrients, while taking into account background intakes. An optimum consumption level was calculated for adults that minimises inorganic arsenic exposure and increases vitamin D intake in the general population. This consumption level guarantees that the consumer reaches the recommended intake for n-3 LC-PUFA, Se and I, while remaining below the tolerable upper intakes for methylmercury, Cd, dioxins, polychlorobiphenyls, Zn, Ca and Cu. This consumption level, which is approximately 200 g/week of certain fatty fish species and approximately 50 g/week of lean fish, molluscs and crustaceans, has to be considered in order to determine food consumption recommendations in a public health perspective.
海鲜提供 n-3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 LC-PUFA）、维生素和矿物质，这些都是维持身体健康所必需的。此外，海鲜是甲基汞、砷和持久性有机污染物等污染物的来源，这些污染物可能会影响健康。本研究旨在确定食用多少海鲜可以提供营养益处，同时将与食物污染物相关的风险降到最低。使用层次聚类分析对海鲜进行分组。选择已知海鲜是主要来源的营养素和污染物。风险效益分析包括使用具有约束条件的优化模型来计算最佳海鲜集群消费水平。目标是优化营养素的摄入量，同时限制污染物的暴露，条件是在不超过污染物和营养素的可耐受最高摄入量的情况下，达到推荐的营养摄入量，同时考虑到背景摄入量。为成年人计算了一个最佳消费水平，该水平可最大限度地减少无机砷暴露，并增加普通人群中维生素 D 的摄入量。这一消费水平保证了消费者达到 n-3 LC-PUFA、硒和碘的推荐摄入量，同时低于甲基汞、镉、二恶英、多氯联苯、锌、钙和铜的可耐受最高摄入量。为了从公共卫生的角度确定食物消费建议，需要考虑这一消费水平，即每周食用约 200 克某些高脂肪鱼类和 50 克瘦肉鱼、贝类和甲壳类动物。
