特定的益生菌可缓解桦树花粉季节期间的过敏性鼻炎。
Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season.
作者信息
Ouwehand Arthur C, Nermes Merja, Collado Maria Carmen, Rautonen Nina, Salminen Seppo, Isolauri Erika
机构信息
Health & Nutrition, Danisco Finland, 02460 Kantvik, Finland.
出版信息
World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jul 14;15(26):3261-8. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.3261.
AIM
To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these.
METHODS
Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were randomized to receive either a probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) NCFM (ATCC 700396) and Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) Bl-04 (ATCC SD5219) or placebo in a double-blind manner for 4 mo, starting prior to onset of the birch pollen season. Symptoms were recorded in a diary. Blood samples were taken for analysis of cytokines and eosinophils. Fecal samples were analysed for microbiota components, calprotectin and IgA. Nasal swabs were taken for analysis of eosinophils.
RESULTS
The pollen season induced a reduction in Bifidobacterium, Clostridium and Bacteroides which could not be prevented by the probiotic intervention. During the intervention, significantly higher numbers of B. lactis 11.2 x 10(7) +/- 4.2 x 10(7) vs 0.1 x 10(7) +/- 0.1 x 10(7) bacteria/g feces (P < 0.0001) and L. acidophilus NCFM 3.5 x 10(6) +/- 1.3 x 10(6) vs 0.2 x 10(6) +/- 0.1 x 10(6) bacteria/g feces (P < 0.0001) were observed in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group. During May, there was a tendency for fewer subjects, (76.2% vs 95.2%, P = 0.078) to report runny nose, while during June, fewer subjects, 11.1% vs 33.3%, reported nasal blocking in the probiotics group (P = 0.101). Concomitantly, fewer subjects in the probiotic group had infiltration of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa compared to the placebo group, 57.1% vs 95% (P = 0.013). Eye symptoms tended to be slightly more frequent in the probiotic group, 12.5 d [interquartile range (IQR) 6-18] vs 7.5 d (IQR 0-11.5) (P = 0.066) during May. Fecal IgA was increased in the placebo group during the pollen season; this increase was prevented by the probiotics (P = 0.028).
CONCLUSION
Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition. The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa, and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms.
目的
研究桦树花粉过敏症状是否与肠道微生物群变化有关，以及益生菌对此是否有影响。
方法
47名确诊为桦树花粉过敏的儿童被随机分为两组，以双盲方式分别接受嗜酸乳杆菌（L. acidophilus）NCFM（ATCC 700396）和双歧杆菌（B. lactis）Bl-04（ATCC SD5219）的益生菌组合或安慰剂，为期4个月，从桦树花粉季节开始前开始。症状记录在日记中。采集血样分析细胞因子和嗜酸性粒细胞。分析粪便样本中的微生物群成分、钙卫蛋白和免疫球蛋白A。采集鼻拭子分析嗜酸性粒细胞。
结果
花粉季节导致双歧杆菌、梭菌和拟杆菌减少，益生菌干预无法预防这种情况。在干预期间，与安慰剂组相比，益生菌组中双歧杆菌的数量显著更高，每克粪便中双歧杆菌数量为11.2×10⁷±4.2×10⁷ 对比 0.1×10⁷±0.1×10⁷（P<0.0001），嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM每克粪便中数量为3.5×10⁶±1.3×10⁶ 对比 0.2×10⁶±0.1×10⁶（P<0.0001）。5月份，益生菌组报告流鼻涕的受试者较少（76.2%对95.2%，P = 0.078），6月份，益生菌组报告鼻塞的受试者较少，为11.1%对33.3%（P = 0.101）。同时，与安慰剂组相比，益生菌组鼻黏膜中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的受试者较少，分别为57.1%对95%（P = 0.013）。5月份，益生菌组眼部症状出现的频率往往略高，为12.5天[四分位间距（IQR）6 - 18]对比7.5天（IQR 0 - 11.5）（P = 0.066）。花粉季节安慰剂组粪便免疫球蛋白A增加；益生菌可预防这种增加（P = 0.028）。
结论
桦树花粉过敏与粪便微生物群组成的变化有关。所使用的特定益生菌组合可预防花粉诱导的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润鼻黏膜，并显示出鼻症状减轻的趋势。
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