Thoma S J, Rest J R, Davison M L
204 Child Development Center, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487-0158.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1991 Oct;61(4):659-69. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.61.4.659.
The relationship between moral judgment development and action for Ss who differ in the degree to which justice-based moral judgments influence moral decision making was investigated. First, a method for quantifying Ss' use of justice-based moral judgments in moral decision making (the utilizer variable) is described. Second, 5 moral judgment and action studies are reanalyzed to assess the moderating effect of the utilizer variable information. Results indicate that the relationship between moral judgment scores and action intensifies as utilization increases. Moreover, the utilizer effect appears uniform across different age and educational levels and behavioral domains. These findings support the validity of the utilizer variable and are consistent with recent multiprocess models of moral action that suggest that moral judgements are a necessary, but insufficient, factor in the production of moral action.
研究了基于正义的道德判断对道德决策影响程度不同的被试的道德判断发展与行为之间的关系。首先，描述了一种量化被试在道德决策中基于正义的道德判断的使用情况的方法（利用者变量）。其次，重新分析了5项道德判断与行为研究，以评估利用者变量信息的调节作用。结果表明，随着利用率的提高，道德判断分数与行为之间的关系增强。此外，利用者效应在不同年龄、教育水平和行为领域中似乎是一致的。这些发现支持了利用者变量的有效性，并且与最近的道德行为多过程模型一致，该模型表明道德判断是道德行为产生中的一个必要但不充分的因素。
