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利用 CNI 模型探究道德困境判断中的个体差异。

Using the CNI Model to Investigate Individual Differences in Moral Dilemma Judgments.

机构信息

University of Würzburg, Germany.

University of Kassel, Germany.

出版信息

Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2020 Sep;46(9):1392-1407. doi: 10.1177/0146167220907203. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Abstract

Typical moral dilemmas pitting the consequences of a given action against the action's consistency with moral norms confound several determinants of moral judgments. Dissociating these determinants, the CNI model allows researchers to quantify sensitivity to consequences, sensitivity to norms, and general preference for inaction over action regardless of consequences and norms. However, with the currently available set of dilemmas for research using the CNI model, the model is not suitable for studies with individual-difference designs. To overcome this limitation, the current research investigated the suitability of an extended dilemma battery to make the CNI model amenable for individual-difference research, examining relations of its parameters with psychopathy, empathic concern, need for cognition, self-reported utilitarianism, behavioral activation/inhibition, moral identity, and religiosity. The results support the suitability of the CNI model for individual-difference research with the extended dilemma battery, providing more nuanced insights into the underpinnings of individual differences in moral dilemma judgments.

摘要

典型的道德困境将特定行为的后果与该行为与道德规范的一致性进行权衡,这使得道德判断的几个决定因素变得复杂。CNI 模型将这些决定因素分开,使研究人员能够量化对后果的敏感性、对规范的敏感性,以及无论后果和规范如何,对不作为的普遍偏好。然而,由于目前用于 CNI 模型研究的困境集,该模型不适合具有个体差异设计的研究。为了克服这一限制,当前的研究调查了扩展困境电池的适用性,以使 CNI 模型适用于个体差异研究,研究其参数与精神病态、共情关注、认知需求、自我报告的功利主义、行为激活/抑制、道德认同和宗教信仰的关系。研究结果支持了使用扩展困境电池的 CNI 模型进行个体差异研究的适用性,为道德困境判断中个体差异的基础提供了更细致的见解。

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