Nielsen Anne L, Hamilton George C
Department of Entomology, Rutgers University, 93 Lipman Dr., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2009 Jun;102(3):1133-40. doi: 10.1603/029.102.0335.
Halyomorpha halys is an introduced stink bug species from Asia that is spreading throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States. It is native to South Korea, Japan, and eastern China, where it is an occasional pest of tree fruit, including apple and pear. Cage experiments with adults placed on apple and peach during critical plant growth stages demonstrate that it can cause damage to developing fruit during mid- and late season growth periods and that feeding occurs on all regions of the fruit. Feeding that occurred during pit hardening/mid-season and final swell periods were apparent as damage at harvest, whereas feeding at shuck split/petal fall in peaches and apples caused fruit abscission. Tree fruit at two commercial farms were sampled weekly in 2006-2007 to determine H. halys seasonality. Low densities of nymphs in apple suggest that it is an unsuitable developmental host. Both nymphs and adults were found on pear fruits with peak populations occurring in early July and mid-August, the time when pit hardening/mid-season and swell period damage occurs. At both farms, stink bug damage was greater than 25% damaged fruit per tree. We attribute this to H. halys because population densities were significantly higher than native pentatomids at both locations in both beat samples and blacklight trap captures. The data presented here documents the potential for H. halys to cause damage in orchards throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States and shows the need for development of appropriate control strategies.
褐飞蝽是一种从亚洲引入的椿象物种，正在美国中大西洋地区扩散。它原产于韩国、日本和中国东部，在当地是包括苹果和梨在内的树果的偶发性害虫。在关键植物生长阶段将成虫放置在苹果和桃上进行的网笼试验表明，它会在生长季中期和后期对发育中的果实造成损害，且会在果实的各个部位取食。在硬核期/生长季中期和最终膨大期取食会在收获时表现为损害，而在桃子和苹果的脱萼/花瓣脱落期取食会导致落果。2006 - 2007年，对两个商业农场的树果每周进行采样，以确定褐飞蝽的季节性。苹果上若虫密度低表明它不是适宜的发育寄主。在梨果上发现了若虫和成虫，种群数量高峰出现在7月初和8月中旬，即硬核期/生长季中期和膨大期损害发生的时间。在两个农场，椿象造成的损害均超过每棵树25%的果实受损。我们将此归因于褐飞蝽，因为在两个地点的拍打样本和黑光灯诱捕捕获中，其种群密度均显著高于本地蝽象。此处呈现的数据证明了褐飞蝽在美国中大西洋地区果园造成损害的可能性，并表明需要制定适当的防治策略。
