Sakthianandeswaren Anuratha, Foote Simon J, Handman Emanuela
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Trends Parasitol. 2009 Aug;25(8):383-91. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2009.05.004. Epub 2009 Jul 18.
Leishmaniasis is one of the world's important infectious diseases. It is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and endemic in 88 countries, with two million new cases of leishmaniasis reported annually. As a complex disease, the pathology of leishmaniasis varies and is determined by factors such as the environment, the insect vector, and parasite and host genetics. The contributing host genetics involve multiple genes; thus, the mouse model of leishmaniasis has been exploited extensively in an attempt to identify and dissect the contribution of disease modifier genes to pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent advances in the identification of genetic loci involved in the host response to Leishmania spp. in the mouse model and in the human situation.
利什曼病是世界上重要的传染病之一。它在世界热带和亚热带地区流行，在88个国家呈地方性流行，每年报告有200万例新的利什曼病病例。作为一种复杂的疾病，利什曼病的病理学各不相同，由环境、昆虫媒介以及寄生虫和宿主遗传学等因素决定。宿主遗传学方面的影响涉及多个基因；因此，利什曼病的小鼠模型已被广泛应用，试图识别和剖析疾病修饰基因对发病机制的作用。本综述总结了在小鼠模型和人类情况下，宿主对利什曼原虫属反应中涉及的基因座识别方面的最新进展。
