Laboratory of Malaria Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Malaria Research, Diagnosis and Training Center (CPD-Mal) of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 21;14:1122411. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1122411. eCollection 2023.
Malaria and leishmaniasis are endemic parasitic diseases in tropical and subtropical countries. Although the overlap of these diseases in the same host is frequently described, co-infection remains a neglected issue in the medical and scientific community. The complex relationship of concomitant infections with spp. and spp. is highlighted in studies of natural and experimental co-infections, showing how this "dual" infection can exacerbate or suppress an effective immune response to these protozoa. Thus, a infection preceding or following infection can impact the clinical course, accurate diagnosis, and management of leishmaniasis, and vice versa. The concept that in nature we are affected by concomitant infections reinforces the need to address the theme and ensure its due importance. In this review we explore and describe the studies available in the literature on spp. and spp. co-infection, the scenarios, and the factors that may influence the course of these diseases.
疟疾和利什曼病是热带和亚热带国家流行的寄生虫病。尽管这些疾病在同一宿主中经常同时发生，但合并感染在医学和科学界仍然是一个被忽视的问题。在对自然和实验性合并感染的研究中，强调了同时感染 spp. 和 spp. 的复杂关系，表明这种“双重”感染如何加剧或抑制对这些原生动物的有效免疫反应。因此，感染 之前或之后的 感染会影响利什曼病的临床过程、准确诊断和治疗，反之亦然。我们在自然界中受到合并感染影响的这一概念，加强了需要解决这一主题并确保其得到应有的重视。在这篇综述中，我们探讨并描述了文献中关于 spp. 和 spp. 合并感染、情景以及可能影响这些疾病进程的因素的研究。
