Rosatte R C, Donovan D, Allan M, Bruce L, Buchanan T, Sobey K, Stevenson B, Gibson M, MacDonald T, Whalen M, Davies J C, Muldoon F, Wandeler A
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Wildlife Research and Development Section, Trent University, DNA Building, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
J Wildl Dis. 2009 Jul;45(3):772-84. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-45.3.772.
Proactive and reactive tactics have been utilized in Ontario, Canada, to prevent raccoon rabies from becoming established. A total of 96,621 raccoons (Procyon lotor) and 7,967 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) were live captured using 1,221,044 trap nights, vaccinated against rabies by injection, and released, during proactive Trap-Vaccinate-Release (TVR) programs in southern Ontario during 1994-2007. During those years, on average, 43% to 83% of the raccoon populations were vaccinated against rabies. In addition, 20,129 raccoons and 2,735 skunks were vaccinated against rabies, and 8,311 raccoons and 1,449 skunks were euthanized, using 576,359 trap nights, during reactive Point Infection Control (PIC) operations in eastern Ontario during 1999-2005. A significant correlation was detected between trapping effort and the percentage of the raccoon population that was vaccinated. Between 1999 and 2007, 132 cases of raccoon variant rabies (130 raccoons, two striped skunks) were reported in eastern Ontario. The last case occurred on 23 September 2005 with Ontario being free of reported raccoon rabies to 10 November 2008, proving that TVR and PIC are effective tactics for the control of this disease.
加拿大安大略省已采用主动和被动策略来防止浣熊狂犬病的传播。在1994年至2007年期间，安大略省南部开展了主动诱捕-疫苗接种-放归（TVR）项目，共使用了1,221,044个诱捕夜，捕获了96,621只浣熊（北美浣熊）和7,967只条纹臭鼬（北美臭鼬），通过注射进行狂犬病疫苗接种后放归。在那些年里，平均有43%至83%的浣熊种群接种了狂犬病疫苗。此外，在1999年至2005年期间，安大略省东部开展了被动点感染控制（PIC）行动，使用了576,359个诱捕夜，为20,129只浣熊和2,735只臭鼬接种了狂犬病疫苗，并对8,311只浣熊和1,449只臭鼬实施了安乐死。诱捕力度与接种疫苗的浣熊种群百分比之间存在显著相关性。1999年至2007年期间，安大略省东部报告了132例浣熊变异型狂犬病病例（130只浣熊，2只条纹臭鼬）。最后一例发生在2005年9月23日，到2008年11月10日安大略省未再报告浣熊狂犬病病例，这证明TVR和PIC是控制这种疾病的有效策略。
