Universitätsaugenklinik, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar;248(3):313-7. doi: 10.1007/s00417-009-1145-z. Epub 2009 Jul 19.
Reports on open globe injuries caused by exploding bottles containing carbonated drinks have already raised the demand to switch from multi-use glass bottles to plastic bottles. We retrospectively analyzed our files to find out whether this type of injury is limited to multi-use glass bottles, and to what extent carelessness contributed to the injury
Among 1,402 open globe injuries that were treated in the departments of ophthalmology at the universities of Freiburg and Würzburg between 1981 and 2004, we retrospectively identified 33 injuries caused by exploding bottles containing carbonated drinks. Patients were excluded from analysis when the destruction of the bottle was intended (destroyed with a hammer, or bottle used as a weapon). The circumstances of the injury, the treatment and the functional outcome was analyzed.
2.4% of all open globe injuries were related to exploding bottles, with a risk of one injury per 1 million inhabitants per year. Ten eyes suffered from a spontaneous explosion of the bottle when it was moved on a shelf or taken out of a box. Eighteen eyes received the injury after the bottle had fallen down and exploded (six of them in children 2 to 8 years). Five bottles exploded during opening of the bottle. In four cases, the bottle cap came off spontaneously and penetrated the eye. Eleven injuries (33%) occurred at work, five of them while moving the bottle and six during breaks at work.
Spontaneous explosions in multi-use glass bottles could easily be avoided by changing to plastic bottles; however, exploding single-use glass bottles Containing sparkling wine also contributed to the injuries. In many cases, carelessness was involved. Glass bottles should be never exposed to heat or shaking, and children should never carry glass bottles containing carbonated drinks.
已有的关于因装有碳酸饮料的玻璃瓶爆炸而导致开放性眼球损伤的报告已经促使人们要求将复用玻璃瓶更换为塑料瓶。我们对病历进行了回顾性分析，以明确这种损伤是否仅限于复用玻璃瓶，以及在多大程度上与操作不当有关。
在 1981 年至 2004 年期间，弗里堡大学和维尔茨堡大学的眼科部门共治疗了 1402 例开放性眼球损伤患者，我们从中回顾性地识别出 33 例由装有碳酸饮料的爆炸玻璃瓶导致的损伤。如果患者有意破坏玻璃瓶（用锤子砸或用瓶子作为武器），则将其排除在分析之外。我们对损伤发生的情况、治疗方法和功能结果进行了分析。
33 例因爆炸玻璃瓶导致的开放性眼球损伤占所有开放性眼球损伤的 2.4%，即每 100 万居民中每年有 1 例。10 只眼睛因玻璃瓶在架子上移动或从盒子中取出时发生自发性爆炸而受伤。18 只眼睛是在瓶子掉落并爆炸后受伤的（其中 6 例发生在 2 至 8 岁的儿童中）。5 只瓶子在开启时发生爆炸。在 4 例中，瓶盖自发性脱落并刺穿眼球。11 例（33%）损伤发生在工作时，其中 5 例是在搬瓶子时发生的，6 例是在工作休息时发生的。
通过改用塑料瓶，可轻易避免复用玻璃瓶的自发性爆炸；然而，装有气泡水的一次性玻璃瓶的爆炸也会导致损伤。在许多情况下，损伤的发生都与操作不当有关。玻璃瓶不应受热或摇晃，儿童不应携带装有碳酸饮料的玻璃瓶。
