Jia Xu-Dong, Li Ning, Wang Zhu-Tian, Zhao Yun-Feng, Wu Yong-Ning, Yan Wei-Xing
Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2009 Apr;22(2):100-3. doi: 10.1016/S0895-3988(09)60029-5.
To estimate the dietary melamine exposure in Chinese infants and young children from the consumption of melamine adulterated Sanlu infant formula.
Four age groups of infants and young children (3, 6, 12, and 24 months) were chosen as the assessed subjects and the maximum amount of infant formula consumption was estimated based on the recommended usage level in the package insert of Sanlu infant formula and other brands. Melamine was analyzed in 111 Sanlu infant formula samples collected from the markets in Beijing and Gansu province using the LC-MS-MS with a limit of quantification of 0.05 mg/kg. Four levels of melamine concentration were chosen to estimate the dietary intakes, including the mean, median, 90th percentile, and maximum.
The infants of 3 months had the highest intake of melamine, and with the increase of the age (month), the intake decreased. Based on the median melamine concentration (1,000 mg/kg) as an example, the melamine intakes for the infants of 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were 23.4, 21.4, 15.0, and 8.6 mg/kg bw/d, respectively.
Dietary melamine intakes from tainted Sanlu infant formula significantly exceeded the TDI level (0.2 mg/kg bw/d) recommended by the WHO Expert Meeting in 2008. However, the present assessment has some limitations including the poor representative samples, the varied melamine concentrations in the adulterated Sanlu infant formula, and other brand infant formula possibly consumed by these infants.
评估食用受三聚氰胺污染的三鹿婴幼儿配方奶粉的中国婴幼儿的膳食三聚氰胺摄入量。
选取四个年龄组的婴幼儿（3、6、12和24个月）作为评估对象，根据三鹿婴幼儿配方奶粉及其他品牌产品包装说明书中的推荐使用量估算婴幼儿配方奶粉的最大食用量。采用液相色谱 - 串联质谱法对从北京和甘肃省市场采集的111份三鹿婴幼儿配方奶粉样品进行三聚氰胺分析，定量限为0.05 mg/kg。选择四个三聚氰胺浓度水平来估算膳食摄入量，包括均值、中位数、第90百分位数和最大值。
3个月大的婴儿三聚氰胺摄入量最高，且随着年龄（月）的增加，摄入量下降。以三聚氰胺中位数浓度（1000 mg/kg）为例，3、6、12和24个月大婴儿的三聚氰胺摄入量分别为23.4、21.4、15.0和8.6 mg/kg体重/天。
食用受污染的三鹿婴幼儿配方奶粉导致的膳食三聚氰胺摄入量显著超过了世界卫生组织专家会议在2008年推荐的每日耐受摄入量（TDI）水平（0.2 mg/kg体重/天）。然而，本次评估存在一些局限性，包括样本代表性差、受污染的三鹿婴幼儿配方奶粉中三聚氰胺浓度各异以及这些婴儿可能食用的其他品牌婴幼儿配方奶粉等。
