Hoppe Hanno
Institut für Diagnostische, Interventionelle und Pädiatrische Radiologie, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, Schweiz.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2009 Jun;106(24):395-402. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2009.0395. Epub 2009 Jun 12.
When anticoagulation is contraindicated or ineffective, optional vena cava filters can be used to prevent pulmonary embolism. These devices can be removed within a defined period of time or can remain in the vena cava permanently.
The status of optional vena cava filters was studied by a review of the relevant literature found in a selective Medline search from 2000 to 2008, including a Cochrane review and published guidelines.
Optional vena cava filter can be removed up to 20 weeks or even longer after insertion (depending on the filter model) in a small interventional radiological procedure if therapeutic anticoagulation has been achieved or the patient is no longer at risk for venous thromboembolism. Current studies show comparable results for optional filters and permanent filters, but there have not yet been any prospective studies comparing the two filter types.
Optional vena cava filters are an important addition to the management of venous thromboembolic disease. As only limited data are available to date, the use of optional filters should be considered on an individual case basis.
当抗凝治疗禁忌或无效时，可选用腔静脉滤器预防肺栓塞。这些装置可在规定时间内取出，也可永久留置在腔静脉内。
通过回顾2000年至2008年选择性Medline检索中找到的相关文献，包括Cochrane综述和已发表的指南，研究可选用腔静脉滤器的情况。
如果已实现治疗性抗凝或患者不再有静脉血栓栓塞风险，在小型介入放射学操作中，可选用腔静脉滤器在插入后长达20周甚至更长时间（取决于滤器型号）取出。目前的研究表明，可选用滤器和永久性滤器的结果相当，但尚未有任何前瞻性研究比较这两种滤器类型。
可选用腔静脉滤器是静脉血栓栓塞性疾病管理的重要补充。由于目前仅有有限的数据，应根据个体情况考虑使用可选用滤器。
