Department of Community Health in Epidemiology, Saint Louis University School of Public Health, 3545 Lafayette Ave., Suite 300, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
Sleep Med Rev. 2010 Apr;14(2):107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2009.05.001. Epub 2009 Jul 21.
Sleep duration in the population has been declining. Women occupy an increasingly prominent place in the work force without reducing most of their responsibilities at home. Consequently, sleep needs are often pushed to the bottom of women's daily priority list. Prior research has indicated that sleep deprivation is associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory serum cytokines. This is important because higher plasma concentrations of pro-inflammatory serum cytokine levels are associated with postpartum depression and adverse birth outcomes such as preterm delivery. However, little research has directly examined how sleep deprivation may affect maternal and fetal outcomes. This review summarizes the existing data on the effect of sleep deprivation during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes. We review supporting evidence for the hypotheses that sleep deprivation during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm delivery and postpartum depression, and that systemic inflammation is the causal mechanism in the association. Prior research on sleep in pregnancy has been limited by varying data collection methods, subjective self-reported sleep measures, small and non-representative samples, cross-sectional designs; descriptive or non-hypothesis driven studies. Future research with longitudinal study designs is needed to allow examination of the effect of sleep deprivation on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
人口的睡眠时间一直在减少。女性在劳动力中占据着越来越突出的地位，但她们并没有减少大部分在家中的责任。因此，睡眠需求往往被推到女性日常优先级列表的底部。先前的研究表明，睡眠不足与更高水平的促炎血清细胞因子有关。这很重要，因为促炎血清细胞因子水平升高与产后抑郁和不良的出生结局（如早产）有关。然而，很少有研究直接探讨睡眠不足如何影响母婴结局。这篇综述总结了现有数据，即怀孕期间睡眠不足对母婴结局的影响。我们回顾了一些假设的证据，即怀孕期间睡眠不足会增加早产和产后抑郁的风险，以及全身炎症是两者关联的因果机制。之前关于妊娠期间睡眠的研究受到不同的数据收集方法、主观的自我报告的睡眠测量、小样本和非代表性样本、横断面设计、描述性或非假设驱动研究的限制。需要进行具有纵向研究设计的未来研究，以检验睡眠不足对母婴不良结局的影响。
