Kana Musa Abubakar, Usman Bilkisu, Mohammed-Durosinlorun Amina, Ahmed Jennifer, Abubakar Hassana Habiba, Abdulmalik Yakub, Pradella Fabienne
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Kaduna Infant Development (KID) Birth Cohort Study Project, Center for Research in Developmental and Life Course Epidemiology (CREDLE), Kaduna, Nigeria.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Jan 23;25(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07158-2.
Ramadan during pregnancy is associated with adverse offspring health outcomes. Recent evidence from Europe indicates that maternal diet during non-fasting hours might alleviate these effects. This study describes fasting, diet, and sleep habits among pregnant Muslims in Kaduna, Nigeria, and assesses impacts on neonatal health in this setting.
Between July 2023 and February 2024, we conducted 1814 interviews with women whose pregnancy overlapped with Ramadan 2023 in Kaduna, northwestern Nigeria (cross-sectional study). We used a structured questionnaire to collect data on fasting, diet and sleep during Ramadan, as well as maternal socio-demographic characteristics. In the analyses of birth outcomes, 1370 mother-newborn pairs were included. We performed multivariate regression analyses to evaluate associations between fasting and birth weight and gestational duration, as well as the interaction of fasting with maternal dietary intake and sleep patterns.
More than 80% of the study participants fasted during pregnancy. Women who fasted had infants with lower birth weights than non-fasting participants (-90.38 g, 95% CI: -173.64 g to -6.12 g). No independent associations were detected between reduced sleep and food intake, and birth weight. Fasting was not associated with gestational duration. Negative effects of fasting on birth weight were consistently concentrated among participants who reduced their dietary or fluid intake during Ramadan.
Dietary intake during non-fasting hours might mitigate potential adverse effects of Ramadan fasting on birth weight. With more than 25% of the global population adhering to Islam, this study highlights the need for additional research on Ramadan during pregnancy across different settings.
孕期处于斋月期间与不良的子代健康结局相关。欧洲最近的证据表明，非禁食时间的孕妇饮食可能会减轻这些影响。本研究描述了尼日利亚卡杜纳州怀孕穆斯林的禁食、饮食和睡眠习惯，并评估了在此环境下对新生儿健康的影响。
在2023年7月至2024年2月期间，我们对尼日利亚西北部卡杜纳州孕期与2023年斋月重叠的女性进行了1814次访谈（横断面研究）。我们使用结构化问卷收集斋月期间的禁食、饮食和睡眠数据，以及产妇的社会人口学特征。在出生结局分析中，纳入了1370对母婴。我们进行了多变量回归分析，以评估禁食与出生体重和孕周之间的关联，以及禁食与产妇饮食摄入和睡眠模式的相互作用。
超过80%的研究参与者在孕期禁食。与非禁食参与者相比，禁食的女性所生婴儿出生体重较低（-90.38g，95%CI：-173.64g至-6.12g）。未发现睡眠减少和食物摄入量与出生体重之间存在独立关联。禁食与孕周无关。禁食对出生体重的负面影响一直集中在斋月期间减少饮食或液体摄入量的参与者中。
非禁食时间的饮食摄入可能会减轻斋月禁食对出生体重的潜在不利影响。鉴于全球超过25%的人口信奉伊斯兰教，本研究强调需要在不同环境下对孕期斋月进行更多研究。
