Chronis-Tuscano Andrea, Degnan Kathryn Amey, Pine Daniel S, Perez-Edgar Koraly, Henderson Heather A, Diaz Yamalis, Raggi Veronica L, Fox Nathan A
Drs. Chronis-Tuscano, Degnan, Raggi, and Fox and Ms. Diaz are with the University of Maryland; Dr. Pine is with the National Institute of Mental Health; Dr. Perez-Edgar is with George Mason University; and Dr. Henderson is with the University of Miami.
Drs. Chronis-Tuscano, Degnan, Raggi, and Fox and Ms. Diaz are with the University of Maryland; Dr. Pine is with the National Institute of Mental Health; Dr. Perez-Edgar is with George Mason University; and Dr. Henderson is with the University of Miami.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 Sep;48(9):928-935. doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181ae09df.
Behavioral inhibition (BI), a temperamental style identifiable in early childhood, is considered a risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders, particularly social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, few studies examining this question have evaluated the stability of BI across multiple developmental time points and followed participants into adolescence-the developmental period during which risk for SAD onset is at its peak. The current study used a prospective longitudinal design to determine whether stable early BI predicted the presence of psychiatric disorders and continuous levels of social anxiety in adolescents. It was hypothesized that stable BI would predict the presence of adolescent psychiatric diagnoses, specifically SAD.
Participants included 126 adolescents aged 14 to 16 years who were first recruited at 4 months of age from hospital birth records. Temperament was measured at multiple time points between the ages of 14 months and 7 years. In adolescence, diagnostic interviews were conducted with parents and adolescents, and continuous measures of adolescent- and parent-reported social anxiety were collected.
Stable maternal-reported early BI was associated with 3.79 times increased odds of a lifetime SAD diagnosis, but not other diagnoses, during adolescence (95% confidence interval 1.18-12.12). Stable maternal-reported early BI also predicted independent adolescent and parent ratings of ongoing social anxiety symptoms.
Findings suggesting that stable maternal-reported early BI predicts lifetime SAD have important implications for the early identification and prevention of SAD.
行为抑制（BI）是一种在幼儿期即可识别的气质类型，被认为是焦虑症尤其是社交焦虑障碍（SAD）发展的一个风险因素。然而，很少有研究在考察这个问题时评估了BI在多个发育时间点的稳定性，并追踪参与者至青春期——这是SAD发病风险达到峰值的发育阶段。本研究采用前瞻性纵向设计，以确定早期稳定的BI是否能预测青少年精神疾病的存在以及社交焦虑的持续水平。研究假设是稳定的BI能预测青少年精神疾病诊断的存在，特别是SAD。
参与者包括126名年龄在14至16岁的青少年，他们最初是从医院出生记录中在4个月大时招募的。在14个月至7岁之间的多个时间点测量气质。在青少年期，对父母和青少年进行诊断访谈，并收集青少年和父母报告的社交焦虑的连续测量数据。
母亲报告的早期稳定BI与青少年期终生SAD诊断的几率增加3.79倍相关，但与其他诊断无关（95%置信区间1.18 - 12.12）。母亲报告的早期稳定BI还预测了青少年和父母对持续社交焦虑症状的独立评分。
表明母亲报告的早期稳定BI能预测终生SAD的研究结果对SAD的早期识别和预防具有重要意义。
