Gladstone Gemma L, Parker Gordon B, Mitchell Phillip B, Wilhelm Kay A, Malhi Gin S
University of New South Wales and Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia.
Depress Anxiety. 2005;22(3):103-13. doi: 10.1002/da.20082.
To examine the association between an early inhibited temperament and lifetime anxiety disorders, we studied a sample of patients with major depression who were not selected on the basis of comorbid axis I anxiety disorders. One-hundred eighty-nine adults (range = 17-68 years) referred to a tertiary depression unit underwent structured diagnostic interviews for depression and anxiety and completed two self-report measures of behavioral inhibition, the retrospective measure of behavioural inhibition (RMBI) [Gladstone and Parker, 2005] and the adult measure of behavioural inhibition (AMBI) [Gladstone and Parker, 2005]. Patients' scores were classified into "low," "moderate," or "high" inhibition. While groups did not differ in terms of depression severity, there were differences across groups in clinically diagnosed nonmelancholic status and age of onset of first episode. Those reporting a high degree of childhood inhibition were significantly more likely to qualify for a diagnosis of social phobia, and this association was independent of their scores on the AMBI. Findings are discussed in light of the existing risk-factor literature and support the hypothesis that an early inhibited temperament may be a significant precursor to later anxiety, especially social anxiety disorder.
为了研究早期抑制性气质与终生焦虑症之间的关联，我们对一组重度抑郁症患者进行了研究，这些患者并非基于共病的轴I焦虑症进行选择。189名成年人（年龄范围 = 17 - 68岁）被转诊至三级抑郁症治疗单位，接受了关于抑郁和焦虑的结构化诊断访谈，并完成了两项行为抑制的自我报告测量，即行为抑制回顾性测量（RMBI）[格拉德斯顿和帕克，2005年]以及成人行为抑制测量（AMBI）[格拉德斯顿和帕克，2005年]。患者的得分被分为“低”、“中”或“高”抑制。虽然各组在抑郁严重程度方面没有差异，但在临床诊断的非忧郁状态和首次发作的年龄方面存在组间差异。那些报告童年期抑制程度高的患者更有可能符合社交恐惧症的诊断标准，并且这种关联独立于他们在AMBI上的得分。我们根据现有的风险因素文献对研究结果进行了讨论，并支持这样一种假设，即早期抑制性气质可能是后期焦虑尤其是社交焦虑症的一个重要先兆。
