Hasking Penelope A, Oei Tian P S
School of Psychology, Psychiatry & Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2008 Jan;1(1):20-35. doi: 10.2174/1874473710801010020.
Expectancy Theory has offered much in the way of understanding alcohol use and abuse, and has contributed greatly to prevention and treatment initiatives. However although many cognitive-behavioural treatment approaches are based on expectancy constructs, such as outcome expectancies and self-efficacy, high relapse rates imply that expectancy theory may be too narrow in scope, and that additional variables need to be examined if a comprehensive understanding of drinking behaviour, and better treatment outcomes, are to be achieved. We suggest that the coping strategies an individual employs present one such set of variables that have largely been neglected from an expectancy framework. Although coping skills training is routinely used in prevention and treatment of alcohol problems, coping research has suffered from a poor theoretical framework. In this paper we review the existing research relating expectancies, self-efficacy and coping to drinking behaviour and propose a model which explains both social and dependent drinking, by incorporating coping into an expectancy theory framework. We also outline research and clinical implications of the proposed model.
期望理论在理解酒精使用和滥用方面提供了很多见解，并对预防和治疗举措做出了巨大贡献。然而，尽管许多认知行为治疗方法基于期望构建，如结果期望和自我效能，但高复发率表明期望理论的范围可能过于狭窄，如果要全面理解饮酒行为并取得更好的治疗效果，还需要研究其他变量。我们认为，个体采用的应对策略就是这样一组在期望框架中基本被忽视的变量。尽管应对技能训练在酒精问题的预防和治疗中经常使用，但应对研究一直缺乏完善的理论框架。在本文中，我们回顾了将期望、自我效能和应对与饮酒行为相关的现有研究，并提出了一个模型，通过将应对纳入期望理论框架来解释社交性饮酒和成瘾性饮酒。我们还概述了该模型在研究和临床方面的意义。
