School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2009 Dec;102(11):1635-41. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509990821. Epub 2009 Jul 27.
Research has shown associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and erythrocyte long-chain n-3 PUFA (LC n-3 PUFA) levels, with limited evidence for dietary LC n-3 PUFA intake and ADHD. The aims of the present study were to assess dietary PUFA intakes and food sources in children with ADHD, to compare these intakes to previously published Australian National Nutrition Survey (NNS) data and determine any relationships between intakes and ADHD symptoms. Eighty-six 3-d-weighed food records (FR) were analysed from children with ADHD. The median (interquartile range) daily intakes of fatty acids (mg/d) were: linoleic acid (18 : 2n-6), 7797 (6240-12 333); arachidonic acid (20 : 4n-6), 55 (27.0-93); total n-6 PUFA, 7818 (6286-10 662); alpha-linolenic acid (18 : 3n-3), 1039 (779-1461); EPA (20 : 5n-3), 18 (6.0-32.0); docosapentaenoic acid (22 : 5n-3), 17 (6.3-39.3); DHA (22 : 6n-3), 16 (8.5-445); total LC n-3 PUFA (addition of 20 : 5n-3, 22 : 5n-3 and 22 : 6n-3), 65 (28.3-120.1); total n-3 PUFA, 1151 (876-1592). In comparison to the NNS data, 18 : 3n-3 intakes were higher and 20 : 4n-6 were lower (P < 0.05). Children with ADHD consumed half the amount of fish/seafood, meat and eggs when compared to the NNS (P < 0.05). No significant correlations were found between fatty acids and ADHD symptoms. Children with ADHD met the adequate intake for LC n-3 PUFA, but fell short of other recommendations.
研究表明，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与红细胞长链 n-3PUFA（LC n-3PUFA）水平之间存在关联，而饮食中 LC n-3PUFA 的摄入量与 ADHD 之间的证据有限。本研究的目的是评估 ADHD 儿童的 PUFA 摄入量和食物来源，将这些摄入量与之前发表的澳大利亚国家营养调查（NNS）数据进行比较，并确定摄入量与 ADHD 症状之间的任何关系。对 86 份 3 天称重的食物记录（FR）进行了分析，ADHD 儿童的每日脂肪酸（mg/d）中位数（四分位距）分别为：亚油酸（18：2n-6）7797（6240-12333）；花生四烯酸（20：4n-6）55（27.0-93）；总 n-6PUFA7818（6286-10662）；α-亚麻酸（18：3n-3）1039（779-1461）；二十碳五烯酸（20：5n-3）18（6.0-32.0）；二十二碳五烯酸（22：5n-3）17（6.3-39.3）；二十二碳六烯酸（22：6n-3）16（8.5-445）；总 LC n-3PUFA（20：5n-3、22：5n-3 和 22：6n-3 的总和）65（28.3-120.1）；总 n-3PUFA1151（876-1592）。与 NNS 数据相比，18：3n-3 的摄入量更高，20：4n-6 的摄入量更低（P<0.05）。与 NNS 相比，ADHD 儿童食用的鱼类/海鲜、肉类和蛋类减少了一半（P<0.05）。脂肪酸与 ADHD 症状之间未发现显著相关性。ADHD 儿童达到了 LC n-3PUFA 的充足摄入量，但其他建议则未达到。
