Sioen Isabelle, Huybrechts Inge, Verbeke Wim, Camp John Van, De Henauw Stefaan
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, UZ-2 Blok A, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Br J Nutr. 2007 Oct;98(4):819-25. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507756544. Epub 2007 Aug 3.
In this study, the intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA of pre-school children in Flanders, Belgium, was evaluated, and recommendations to address the very low intake of long-chain PUFA are presented. Food consumption data (based on parentally reported 3 d dietary records obtained from October 2002 to February 2003) of 661 children (338 boys, 323 girls) between 2.5 and 6.5 years of age and the PUFA concentrations obtained from various food composition databases were used. The actual PUFA intake levels were compared to Belgian, European and American recommendations. Only the intake of linoleic acid (LA) fell within the recommended ranges. Margarine, bread, biscuits and chocolate products contributed most to LA intake. The intake of alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) was low compared to the recommendations and was obtained mostly from the consumption of margarines and fatty sauces. This resulted in a high LA/LNA ratio. The intake of all long-chain PUFA was far below the recommended levels. Meat and meat products were the most important sources of arachidonic acid. Consumption of fish and other seafood was very low, though these were the most important sources of long-chain n-3 PUFA. In conclusion, Flemish pre-school children should consume more n-3-rich products in order to increase their LNA intake and decrease their LA/LNA ratio. Furthermore, the replacement of meat products rich in SFA by poultry would increase the arachidonic acid intake. As well, fatty fish consumption needs to be increased, as it is a rich source of long-chain n-3 PUFA.
在本研究中，对比利时弗拉芒地区学龄前儿童的n-6和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）摄入量进行了评估，并针对长链PUFA摄入量极低的情况提出了建议。使用了661名2.5至6.5岁儿童（338名男孩，323名女孩）的食物消费数据（基于2002年10月至2003年2月家长报告的3天饮食记录）以及从各种食物成分数据库中获取的PUFA浓度。将实际的PUFA摄入量水平与比利时、欧洲和美国的建议进行了比较。只有亚油酸（LA）的摄入量在推荐范围内。人造黄油、面包、饼干和巧克力产品对LA摄入量的贡献最大。与建议相比，α-亚麻酸（LNA）的摄入量较低，主要来自人造黄油和调味汁的消费。这导致了较高的LA/LNA比值。所有长链PUFA的摄入量都远低于推荐水平。肉类和肉制品是花生四烯酸的最重要来源。鱼类和其他海产品的消费量非常低，尽管它们是长链n-3 PUFA的最重要来源。总之，弗拉芒地区的学龄前儿童应食用更多富含n-3的产品，以增加LNA摄入量并降低LA/LNA比值。此外，用家禽替代富含饱和脂肪酸（SFA）的肉制品将增加花生四烯酸的摄入量。同样，由于富含长链n-3 PUFA，需要增加富含脂肪的鱼类的消费量。
