Kovacs Attila J, Han Dong-Wook, Shea Charles H
Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4243, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2009 Sep;132(1):54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2009.06.007. Epub 2009 Jul 24.
Recent experiments have produced mixed results in terms of performance when, after learning a sequential task, the same visual-spatial coordinates or the same motor coordinates were reinstated on a subsequent effector transfer test. Given the diversity of tasks and especially sequence characteristics used in previous experiments, the cross-experimental comparison makes inferences and unambiguous interpretations difficult. The purpose of the present experiment was to determine in a principled manner how the spatio-temporal structure of a sequence influences the way the sequence is represented. The results indicated that after limited amount of practice relatively more simple sequences (S1) are coded more efficiently in a mirror (motor) representation which requires the same pattern of homologous muscle activation. Conversely, relatively more complex sequences (S2) are more efficiently coded in a visual-spatial coordinate system which requires movements to the same spatial locations as during acquisition. The data are also consistent with the notion that sequences with different spatio-temporal structures rely to a different degree on distinct control mechanisms (pre-planned vs. on-line, respectively).
最近的实验在学习序列任务后，于后续效应器转移测试中恢复相同视觉空间坐标或相同运动坐标时，在性能方面产生了不一致的结果。鉴于先前实验中使用的任务多样性，尤其是序列特征，跨实验比较使得推断和明确解释变得困难。本实验的目的是以一种有原则的方式确定序列的时空结构如何影响序列的表征方式。结果表明，经过有限次数的练习后，相对简单的序列（S1）在需要相同同源肌肉激活模式的镜像（运动）表征中编码效率更高。相反，相对复杂的序列（S2）在视觉空间坐标系中编码效率更高，该坐标系要求运动到与习得过程中相同的空间位置。这些数据也与以下观点一致，即具有不同时空结构的序列在不同程度上依赖于不同的控制机制（分别为预先计划的与在线的）。
