López-Ibor Aliño J J, Pérez de los Cobos J C, Ochoa E, Hernández Herreros M
Catedrático de Psiquiatría, Jefe del Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Ramón y Cajal.
Actas Luso Esp Neurol Psiquiatr Cienc Afines. 1990 Sep-Oct;18(5):296-305.
The outcomes of a maintenance treatment with Naltrexone (350 mg/week) are examined in a sample of 50 patients with withdrawal symptoms to opioid dependency. The therapeutic program did not include specific type of rehabilitation. Patients were instructed to keep a quiet life, restful and exercise-free. The treatment was followed in an outpatient facility, after an initial inpatient treatment, in a setting similar to patients own environment. The average attendance rate was of 6.36 months. Six months after the onset of the treatment, 46% of the patients still remained drug-free. A follow-up study found that, overall, the naltrexone treatment caused an increase in alcohol consumption whereas there was a noticeable decrease in cocaine use. This pattern continued even months after the treatment had concluded. Results yielded in the fenfluramine stimulation test showed a high basal level of stress in drug addicts (as assessed by their basal secretion of cortisol). On the contrary, they failed to respond to external straining stimuli to an equal extent as the control group.
在50名有阿片类药物依赖戒断症状的患者样本中，研究了纳曲酮（350毫克/周）维持治疗的效果。治疗方案不包括特定类型的康复治疗。患者被要求保持安静的生活，休息且不运动。在最初的住院治疗后，在类似于患者自身环境的门诊机构进行后续治疗。平均随访时间为6.36个月。治疗开始六个月后，46%的患者仍保持无毒品状态。一项随访研究发现，总体而言，纳曲酮治疗导致酒精消费量增加，而可卡因使用量则显著减少。即使在治疗结束数月后，这种模式仍在持续。芬氟拉明刺激试验的结果显示，吸毒者的基础应激水平较高（通过其皮质醇基础分泌量评估）。相反，他们对外部应激刺激的反应程度不如对照组。
