Zhao Chang-Xing, He Ming-Rong, Wang Zhen-Lin, Wang Yue-Fu, Lin Qi
Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong, China.
C R Biol. 2009 Aug;332(8):759-64. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2009.03.003. Epub 2009 Apr 29.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide. However, water is the most important limiting factor for wheat production. This study was initiated to test water stress environmental effects on grain quality and nutritional value of wheat by using single different water conditions at post-anthesis stage. Further analyses were conducted to examine variations in concentrations and compositions of the bioactive compounds and nutritions in strong-gluten winter wheat subjected to different levels of water deficit during grain filling. For the experiment on the response to different soil water conditions during post-anthesis stage, effects of soil water environment on protein content and composition in the grains were significant. Soil water conditions in this study greatly affected mineral contents in the grains of winter wheat, particularly with regard to the major minerals (P, K, Ca and Mg). Water deficit during grain filling can result in a decrease in lipid contents in wheat grains, which agrees well with experimental findings elsewhere. Concomitantly, a mild water deficit during grain filling would be beneficial to the grain filling and starch compositions, significantly improved bread-making quality. Therefore, it was concluded that good management of wheat field water at post-anthesis stage was helpful to improving grain quality and nutritions relevant to processing and human nutrition.
小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是全球最重要的农作物之一。然而，水分是小麦生产最重要的限制因素。本研究旨在通过在花后阶段采用单一不同水分条件来测试水分胁迫环境对小麦籽粒品质和营养价值的影响。进一步分析了强筋冬小麦在籽粒灌浆期遭受不同程度水分亏缺时生物活性化合物和营养成分的浓度及组成变化。对于花后阶段对不同土壤水分条件响应的试验，土壤水分环境对籽粒蛋白质含量和组成有显著影响。本研究中的土壤水分条件极大地影响了冬小麦籽粒中的矿物质含量，尤其是主要矿物质（磷、钾、钙和镁）。籽粒灌浆期水分亏缺会导致小麦籽粒中脂质含量下降，这与其他地方的实验结果非常吻合。同时，籽粒灌浆期轻度水分亏缺有利于籽粒灌浆和淀粉组成，显著提高面包制作品质。因此，得出结论：花后阶段对小麦田水分进行良好管理有助于改善与加工和人类营养相关的籽粒品质和营养成分。
