Agarwal Nisheeth, Bishai William R
Departtment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, CRB2, Rm 1.08, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21231-1044, USA.
Indian J Exp Biol. 2009 Jun;47(6):393-400.
cAMP is an important second messenger in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Several bacterial pathogens have developed mechanisms to subvert eukaryotic cAMP signaling by injecting protein toxins that are themselves adenylate cyclases or by introducing toxins that modify host adenylate cyclases to an overexpression state. Curiously, Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551 genome contains seventeen adenylate cyclase homologues suggesting that cAMP signaling is both relevant and complex in biology of M. tuberculosis. The present article provides an overview of the role of cAMP as a second messenger, discusses bacterial cAMP subversion mechanisms, and reviews the evidence currently available on cAMP-based signaling in M. tuberculosis.
环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）在真核生物和原核生物中都是重要的第二信使。几种细菌病原体已发展出通过注射自身为腺苷酸环化酶的蛋白质毒素或引入将宿主腺苷酸环化酶修饰为过表达状态的毒素来破坏真核生物cAMP信号传导的机制。奇怪的是，结核分枝杆菌CDC1551基因组包含十七个腺苷酸环化酶同源物，这表明cAMP信号传导在结核分枝杆菌生物学中既相关又复杂。本文概述了cAMP作为第二信使的作用，讨论了细菌cAMP破坏机制，并综述了目前关于结核分枝杆菌中基于cAMP的信号传导的现有证据。
