Dunsmoor Joseph, Schmajuk Nestor
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 2009 Aug;123(4):851-5. doi: 10.1037/a0016334.
J. E. Dunsmoor, P. A. Bandettini, and D. C. Knight conducted a neuroimaging study of human fear conditioning and analyzed brain activity under various pairing rates between a conditioned and an unconditioned stimulus. Computer simulations with an attentional-associative model introduced by N. A. Schmajuk, Y. W. Lam, and J. A. Gray (1996) show that activity in the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex is well described by a variable representing the prediction of the unconditioned stimulus, whereas activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and insula is well captured by a variable coding the attentional-modulated representation of conditioned stimuli. In addition, the model explains how those variables control behavior and provides a clear framework in which those variables play important roles in the description of numerous classical conditioning paradigms. Also, the model offers a number of predictions related to stimulus novelty for future neuroimaging studies of associative learning.
J. E. 邓斯穆尔、P. A. 班德蒂尼和D. C. 奈特进行了一项关于人类恐惧条件作用的神经成像研究，并分析了条件刺激和非条件刺激之间不同配对率下的大脑活动。由N. A. 施马朱克、Y. W. 林和J. A. 格雷（1996年）提出的注意力联想模型的计算机模拟表明，杏仁核和前扣带回皮层的活动可以通过一个代表非条件刺激预测的变量很好地描述，而背外侧前额叶皮层和岛叶的活动则可以通过一个对条件刺激的注意力调制表征进行编码的变量很好地捕捉。此外，该模型解释了这些变量如何控制行为，并提供了一个清晰的框架，其中这些变量在众多经典条件作用范式的描述中发挥着重要作用。而且，该模型为未来联想学习的神经成像研究提供了一些与刺激新颖性相关的预测。
