Peterhans E, Mettler F, Manser E
Institute of Veterinary Virology, University of Berne.
Free Radic Res Commun. 1990;11(1-3):11-22. doi: 10.3109/10715769009109663.
Suspensions of orthomyxo- and paramyxoviruses are composed of pleomorphic particles ranging from large filaments to small spheres. Influenza and Sendai viruses were separated according to size by gel filtration and the induction of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) by particles of similar size was studied in suspensions of mouse spleen cells known to contain phagocytes. CL reflects the generation by the cells of reactive oxygen species. CL induction decreased with particle size for both viruses. Compared with small spheres, large influenza filaments were approximately 10 times as efficient in activating cellular light emission while the ratio between large and small Sendai viruses was 3:1. Small Sendai virus particles were also less efficient in lysing red cells and had lower neuraminidase activity. By contrast, with influenza virus, only neuraminidase and not the hemolytic activity decreased with the virus size. When influenza virus filaments were broken into smaller particles by sonication, the capacity to induce chemiluminescence dropped markedly while the hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities increased and neuraminidase activity remained unaltered. These results suggest that the presentation of influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase glycoproteins in a large particle, leading to extensive receptor crosslinking, may be an important factor in the efficient activation of CL by filamentous influenza virus. We suggest that radical generation as reflected in cellular CL may relate to the toxic in vivo effects that contribute to the pathogenesis of influenza and infections with paramyxoviruses.
正粘病毒和副粘病毒的悬浮液由多形性颗粒组成，范围从大细丝到小球体。通过凝胶过滤根据大小分离流感病毒和仙台病毒，并在已知含有吞噬细胞的小鼠脾细胞悬浮液中研究了大小相似的颗粒诱导鲁米诺依赖性化学发光（CL）的情况。CL反映了细胞中活性氧的产生。两种病毒的CL诱导均随颗粒大小而降低。与小球体相比，大型流感病毒细丝激活细胞发光的效率约为其10倍，而大型和小型仙台病毒之间的比例为3:1。小型仙台病毒颗粒在裂解红细胞方面效率也较低，并且神经氨酸酶活性较低。相比之下，对于流感病毒，只有神经氨酸酶活性而非溶血活性随病毒大小而降低。当通过超声处理将流感病毒细丝破碎成较小颗粒时，诱导化学发光的能力显著下降，而溶血和血凝活性增加，神经氨酸酶活性保持不变。这些结果表明，大颗粒中流感病毒血凝素和神经氨酸酶糖蛋白的呈现导致广泛的受体交联，可能是丝状流感病毒有效激活CL的重要因素。我们认为，细胞CL反映的自由基产生可能与导致流感发病机制以及副粘病毒感染的体内毒性作用有关。
