D'Onofrio C, Bonmassar E
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, II University of Rome, Italy.
Pharmacol Res. 1990 Nov-Dec;22(6):645-59. doi: 10.1016/s1043-6618(05)80091-x.
Retroviruses of the HTLV and HIV subfamilies share a number of similar properties in terms of route of transmission and ultimate targeting to CD4+ T-cells, which results in leukaemic transformation in the case of HTLV and in depletion of CD4+ population and failure of T-helper function in HIV-infected individuals. Both diseases gain poor benefit from therapy at the stage of clinical diagnosis as ATL leukaemia or AIDS, respectively. Therefore the best chances to limit the worldwide distribution of these human retroviruses reside in an effective prevention of viral diffusion, possibly by vaccination, and of the onset of disease in virus-positive subjects. The possibility is discussed of defining protocols to prevent the development of clinical disease. These protocols could be based on pharmacological reconstitution of host's immune reactivity, that is altered early after infection with these retroviruses, and on the control of virus replication by antiviral therapy.
HTLV和HIV亚家族的逆转录病毒在传播途径以及最终靶向CD4+ T细胞方面具有许多相似特性。在HTLV感染的情况下，这会导致白血病转化；而在HIV感染个体中，则会导致CD4+细胞群耗竭以及辅助性T细胞功能丧失。分别在临床诊断为成人T细胞白血病（ATL）或艾滋病阶段，这两种疾病的治疗效果都不佳。因此，限制这些人类逆转录病毒在全球传播的最佳机会在于有效预防病毒扩散，可能通过疫苗接种，以及预防病毒阳性个体发病。文中讨论了制定预防临床疾病发展方案的可能性。这些方案可以基于宿主免疫反应性的药理学重建（宿主免疫反应性在感染这些逆转录病毒后早期就会发生改变）以及通过抗病毒治疗控制病毒复制。
