Bernstein Steven L, Cabral Lisa, Maantay Juliana, Peprah Dorothy, Lounsbury David, Maroko Andrew, Murphy Mary, Shelley Donna
Department of Emergency Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2009 Sep;99(9):1699-704. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.149260. Epub 2009 Jul 28.
We surveyed the availability of tobacco products and nonprescription nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in pharmacies in New York City, stratified by the race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) of the surrounding neighborhoods to determine whether disparities in availability existed.
Surveyors visited a random sample of retail pharmacies to record the availability of tobacco products and nonprescription NRT. We used census data and geographic information systems analysis to determine the SES of each neighborhood. We used logistic modeling to explore relations between SES and the availability of NRT and tobacco products.
Of 646 pharmacies sampled, 90.8% sold NRT and 46.9% sold cigarettes. NRT and cigarettes were slightly more available in pharmacies in neighborhoods with a higher SES. NRT was more expensive in poorer neighborhoods.
Small disparities existed in access to nonprescription NRT and cigarettes. The model did not adequately account for cigarette access, because of availability from other retail outlets. These results may explain some of the excess prevalence of cigarette use in low-SES areas.
我们对纽约市各药房的烟草制品和非处方尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）的可得性进行了调查，并按周边社区的种族、族裔和社会经济地位（SES）进行分层，以确定可得性方面是否存在差异。
调查员走访了零售药房的随机样本，记录烟草制品和非处方NRT的可得性。我们使用人口普查数据和地理信息系统分析来确定每个社区的SES。我们使用逻辑模型来探究SES与NRT及烟草制品可得性之间的关系。
在抽样的646家药房中，90.8%出售NRT，46.9%出售香烟。SES较高社区的药房中，NRT和香烟的可得性略高。较贫困社区的NRT价格更高。
在获取非处方NRT和香烟方面存在微小差异。由于其他零售渠道也有香烟供应，该模型未能充分说明香烟的获取情况。这些结果可能解释了低SES地区吸烟率过高的部分原因。
