Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(4):253-7. doi: 10.1159/000229505. Epub 2009 Jul 27.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the quantitative and qualitative changes of bacteria, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium cluster IV in faecal microbiota associated with a vegetarian diet.
Bacterial abundances were measured in faecal samples of 15 vegetarians and 14 omnivores using quantitative PCR. Diversity was assessed with PCR-DGGE fingerprinting, principal component analysis (PCA) and Shannon diversity index.
Vegetarians had a 12% higher abundance of bacterial DNA than omnivores, a tendency for less Clostridium cluster IV (31.86 +/- 17.00%; 36.64 +/- 14.22%) and higher abundance of Bacteroides (23.93 +/- 10.35%; 21.26 +/- 8.05%), which were not significant due to high interindividual variations. PCA suggested a grouping of bacteria and members of Clostridium cluster IV. Two bands appeared significantly more frequently in omnivores than in vegetarians (p < 0.005 and p < 0.022). One was identified as Faecalibacterium sp. and the other was 97.9% similar to the uncultured gut bacteriumDQ793301.
A vegetarian diet affects the intestinal microbiota, especially by decreasing the amount and changing the diversity of Clostridium cluster IV. It remains to be determined how these shifts might affect the host metabolism and disease risks.
背景/目的：本研究旨在探讨与素食相关的粪便微生物群中细菌、拟杆菌、双歧杆菌和梭状芽胞杆菌 IV 簇的数量和质量变化。
采用定量 PCR 法检测 15 名素食者和 14 名杂食者粪便样本中的细菌丰度。采用 PCR-DGGE 指纹图谱、主成分分析（PCA）和 Shannon 多样性指数评估多样性。
素食者的细菌 DNA 丰度比杂食者高 12%，梭状芽胞杆菌 IV 簇的丰度较低（31.86 +/- 17.00%；36.64 +/- 14.22%），拟杆菌的丰度较高（23.93 +/- 10.35%；21.26 +/- 8.05%），但由于个体间差异较大，差异不显著。PCA 提示细菌和梭状芽胞杆菌 IV 簇成员存在分组。有两条带在杂食者中比在素食者中出现的频率明显更高（p < 0.005 和 p < 0.022）。其中一条被鉴定为粪杆菌属，另一条与未培养的肠道细菌 DQ793301 相似度为 97.9%。
素食饮食会影响肠道微生物群，特别是通过减少梭状芽胞杆菌 IV 簇的数量和改变其多样性。这些变化如何影响宿主代谢和疾病风险仍有待确定。
