Cardiology Department, Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Nutrition. 2010 Apr;26(4):399-404. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.05.023. Epub 2009 Jul 31.
Recent studies have suggested that nuts have favorable effects beyond lipid lowering. We aimed to investigate effect of the Antep pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) on blood glucose, lipid parameters, endothelial function, inflammation, and oxidation in healthy young men living in a controlled environment.
A Mediterranean diet was administered to normolipidemic 32 healthy young men (mean age 22 y, range 21-24) for 4 wk. After 4 wk, participants continued to receive the Mediterranean diet but pistachio was added for 4 wk by replacing the monounsaturated fat content constituting approximately 20% of daily caloric intake. Fasting blood samples and brachial endothelial function measurements were performed at baseline and after each diet.
Compared with the Mediterranean diet, the pistachio diet decreased glucose (P<0.001, -8.8+/-8.5%), low-density lipoprotein (P<0.001, -23.2+/-11.9%), total cholesterol (P<0.001, -21.2+/-9.9%), and triacylglycerol (P=0.008, -13.8+/-33.8%) significantly and high-density lipoprotein (P=0.069, -3.1+/-11.7%) non-significantly. Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratios decreased significantly (P<0.001 for both). The pistachio diet significantly improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation (P=0.002, 30% relative increase), decreased serum interleukin-6, total oxidant status, lipid hydroperoxide, and malondialdehyde and increased superoxide dismutase (P<0.001 for all), whereas there was no significant change in C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels.
In this trial, we demonstrated that a pistachio diet improved blood glucose level, endothelial function, and some indices of inflammation and oxidative status in healthy young men. These findings are in accordance with the idea that nuts, in particular pistachio nuts, have favorable effects beyond lipid lowering that deserve to be evaluated with prospective follow-up studies.
最近的研究表明，坚果除了能降低血脂外，还有其他有益作用。本研究旨在探讨在控制环境下，食用安纳托利亚开心果（Pistacia vera L.）对健康年轻男性的血糖、血脂参数、内皮功能、炎症和氧化的影响。
给 32 名血脂正常的健康年轻男性（平均年龄 22 岁，范围 21-24 岁）食用 4 周的地中海饮食。4 周后，参与者继续食用地中海饮食，但通过用占每日热量摄入 20%左右的单不饱和脂肪替代物来添加开心果，再持续食用 4 周。在基线和每个饮食阶段后，都进行空腹血样采集和肱动脉内皮功能测量。
与地中海饮食相比，开心果饮食显著降低了血糖（P<0.001，-8.8±8.5%）、低密度脂蛋白（P<0.001，-23.2±11.9%）、总胆固醇（P<0.001，-21.2±9.9%）和三酰甘油（P=0.008，-13.8±33.8%），高密度脂蛋白（P=0.069，-3.1±11.7%）无显著变化。总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白/高密度脂蛋白比值均显著降低（均 P<0.001）。开心果饮食显著改善了内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（P=0.002，相对增加 30%），降低了血清白细胞介素-6、总氧化剂状态、脂质过氧化物和丙二醛，增加了超氧化物歧化酶（均 P<0.001），而 C-反应蛋白和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平无显著变化。
在这项试验中，我们证明了开心果饮食可以改善健康年轻男性的血糖水平、内皮功能以及一些炎症和氧化状态的指标。这些发现与坚果（特别是开心果）除了降低血脂外还有其他有益作用的观点一致，值得进行前瞻性随访研究。
