Lugassy Daniel, Nelson Lewis
New York City Poison Control Center and New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
J Med Toxicol. 2009 Sep;5(3):151-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03161228.
After an extensive literature review, this appears to be the first case documenting bromide toxicity in a patient exposed to the product called Cordial de Monell, which contains potassium bromide. We have identified this product on store shelves in areas of New York City. We believe this child suffered from excess therapeutic sedative exposure due to her size, age, and repeated exposure. Bromism is not nearly as common as it once was, but several forms of bromide are still readily available. This diagnosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with sedative-hypnotic-type intoxication. Elevations in the reported serum chloride levels and a negative anion gap are helpful findings if present, but our case and others before confirm that the lack of these features do not rule out this poisoning. This case further illustrates the need for clinicians to be diligent in obtaining thorough medication, dietary, herbal supplement, social, occupational, and cultural histories from their patients. Aggressive hydration with chloride-containing solutions is the cornerstone of treatment, and in severe cases dialysis may be considered. Bromides are not gone, and bromism should not be forgotten.
经过广泛的文献检索,这似乎是首例记录在接触名为“Cordial de Monell”(含溴化钾)产品的患者中发生溴中毒的病例。我们在纽约市部分地区的商店货架上发现了该产品。我们认为,由于该儿童的体型、年龄及反复接触,其遭受了过量治疗性镇静剂暴露。溴中毒已不像过去那么常见,但仍有几种形式的溴化物很容易获取。对于出现镇静催眠类中毒症状的患者,鉴别诊断应包括这一诊断。如果存在血清氯水平升高及阴离子间隙为负的情况,将有助于诊断,但我们的病例以及之前的其他病例证实,缺乏这些特征并不能排除这种中毒。该病例进一步说明临床医生需要认真全面地了解患者的用药、饮食、草药补充剂、社交、职业及文化史。积极使用含氯溶液进行补液是治疗的基石,严重时可考虑透析。溴化物并未消失,溴中毒也不应被遗忘。