Differences in multiplication of virulent and vaccine strains of poliovirus type I, II, and III in laboratory animals.

Multiplication of virulent and vaccine strains of poliovirus type I, II and III in laboratory animals of different species was studied comparatively. The main criterion of virus reproduction was the production of the photoresistant virus progeny after inoculation of the animals with proflavin-photosensitized virus strains. On the whole, virulent poliovirus strains were characterized by replication in a wide range of hosts (monkeys, cotton rats, white mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, chickens, chick embryos), a low infective dose, production of the photoresistant progeny to a high titre, clinically overt disease in some animal species. The vaccine strains multiplied in a norrower range of hosts, had a high infective dose, a low titre of virus progeny, and caused no clinical symptoms of infection. These differences may serve as a marker for differentiation between virulent and attenuated strains in vivo. Administration of guanidine before inoculation of newborn cotton rats completely prevented or delayed by several days the production of photoresistant virus progeny. This fact confirms the stability of the proflavin-poliovirus complex under conditions ruling out virus replication.