Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
J Neurosurg. 2010 Feb;112(2):307-18. doi: 10.3171/2009.7.JNS0982.
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a common problem encountered by neurosurgeons. Patient outcomes are influenced by hematoma size, growth, location, and the timing of evacuation, when indicated. Patients may have abnormal coagulation due to pharmacological anticoagulation or coagulopathy due to underlying systemic disease or blood transfusions. Strategies to reestablish the integrity of the clotting cascade and platelet function assume a familiarity with these processes. As patients are increasingly treated with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, it is essential that the physicians who care for patients with ICH understand these pathways and recognize how they can be manipulated to restore hemostasis.
颅内出血（ICH）是神经外科医生经常遇到的问题。患者的预后受到血肿大小、增长、位置以及是否需要清除的时机的影响。由于药物抗凝或潜在系统性疾病或输血引起的凝血异常，患者可能会出现凝血功能异常。为了恢复凝血级联和血小板功能的完整性，需要熟悉这些过程。随着越来越多的患者接受抗凝和抗血小板药物治疗，照顾 ICH 患者的医生了解这些途径并认识到如何操纵它们以恢复止血功能至关重要。
