Jou Shaw-Hwa, Chiu Nan-Yin, Liu Chin-San
Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
Chang Gung Med J. 2009 Jul-Aug;32(4):370-9.
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles crucial in the production of cellular energy. Mitochondrial diseases may result from malfunctions in this biochemical cascade. Several investigators have proposed that mitochondrial dysfunction is related to the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SZ). The authors reviewed recent study findings and tried to delineate the current understanding of the correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction and psychiatric disorders. A growing body of evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is important in patients with psychiatric disorders. The evidence include impaired energy metabolism in the brain detected using results of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electron microscopy, co-morbidity with mitochondrial diseases, the effects of psychotropics on mitochondria, increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion in the brain, and association with mtDNA mutations/polymorphisms or nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes. It is possible that the new information will lead to a focus on psychiatric disorder as a metabolic disease. Treatment with psychotropics might ultimately enhance energy metabolism and reduce the damage of oxidative stress. The next step in the study of mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with psychiatric disorders should be clarification of how mitochondrial dysfunction, a nonspecific risk factor, causes specific symptoms. Further study of mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with psychiatric disorder is expected to be useful for the development of cellular disease markers and new psychotropics.
线粒体是细胞内对细胞能量产生至关重要的细胞器。线粒体疾病可能源于这一生物化学级联反应的功能障碍。几位研究者提出，线粒体功能障碍与双相情感障碍（BD）、重度抑郁症（MDD）和精神分裂症（SZ）的病理生理学有关。作者回顾了近期的研究发现，并试图阐述目前对线粒体功能障碍与精神疾病之间相关性的理解。越来越多的证据表明，线粒体功能障碍在精神疾病患者中很重要。这些证据包括利用磁共振波谱结果检测到的大脑能量代谢受损、电子显微镜检查结果、与线粒体疾病的共病情况、精神药物对线粒体的影响、大脑中线粒体DNA（mtDNA）缺失增加，以及与mtDNA突变/多态性或核编码线粒体基因的关联。新信息有可能使人们将精神疾病作为一种代谢性疾病来关注。使用精神药物进行治疗最终可能会增强能量代谢并减少氧化应激的损害。研究精神疾病患者线粒体功能障碍的下一步应该是阐明线粒体功能障碍这种非特异性风险因素是如何导致特定症状的。对精神疾病患者线粒体功能障碍的进一步研究有望有助于细胞疾病标志物和新型精神药物的开发。
