Höss S, Jänsch S, Moser T, Junker T, Römbke J
Ecossa, Giselastr. 6, 82319 Starnberg, Germany.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 Oct;72(7):1811-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.07.003. Epub 2009 Aug 8.
In this study, nine uncontaminated reference soils and 22 contaminated soils with different physico-chemical properties and contamination patterns were tested with a standardized toxicity test, using the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as test organism. Fertility, growth and reproduction of C. elegans in the soils were compared with the exposure in standard soil Lufa St.2.2. C. elegans showed 100% fertility and a very low variability of growth in the reference soils. Although, reproduction varied considerably between the various reference soils, validity criteria (>30 offspring per test organism) were met in all reference soils. Moreover, Lufa St. 2.2 turned out to be a suitable and representative control soil. In order to clearly classify the effects of the polluted soils on C. elegans, toxicity thresholds were derived for nematode fertility (20% inhibition), growth (10% inhibition) and reproduction (40% inhibition) on the basis of the test inherent variability (MDD=minimal detectable difference), as well as their variability between the uncontaminated reference soils (MTI=maximal tolerable inhibition). The contaminated soils showed clear toxic effects on the nematodes, whereas the toxicity was better correlated to organic than to heavy metal contamination in bulk soil. Interestingly, the results of the nematode toxicity test were not well correlated with those of tests with oligochaetes, collembolans and plants, performed with the same soils, showing that the results are not redundant. The toxicity test using C. elegans turned out to be suitable for testing the toxicity of field collected soils and might by a valuable addition to soil test batteries.
在本研究中，使用线虫秀丽隐杆线虫作为受试生物，通过标准化毒性试验对9种未受污染的参比土壤和22种具有不同理化性质及污染模式的污染土壤进行了测试。将秀丽隐杆线虫在这些土壤中的生育力、生长和繁殖情况与在标准土壤Lufa St.2.2中的暴露情况进行了比较。秀丽隐杆线虫在参比土壤中显示出100%的生育力且生长变异性很低。尽管不同参比土壤之间的繁殖情况差异很大，但所有参比土壤均满足有效性标准（每个受试生物产生>30个后代）。此外，Lufa St. 2.2被证明是一种合适且具有代表性的对照土壤。为了明确分类污染土壤对秀丽隐杆线虫的影响，基于试验固有变异性（MDD=最小可检测差异）以及未受污染参比土壤之间的变异性（MTI=最大可耐受抑制），得出了线虫生育力（20%抑制）、生长（10%抑制）和繁殖（40%抑制）的毒性阈值。污染土壤对线虫显示出明显的毒性作用，而在整体土壤中，毒性与有机污染的相关性比与重金属污染的相关性更好。有趣的是，线虫毒性试验的结果与使用相同土壤进行的寡毛纲动物、弹尾目动物和植物试验的结果相关性不佳，这表明这些结果并非冗余。使用秀丽隐杆线虫进行的毒性试验被证明适用于测试田间采集土壤的毒性，可能是土壤测试组合中有价值的补充。
