National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2010 Feb;83(2):143-53. doi: 10.1007/s00420-009-0440-7. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
The aim of the present study is to examine the association between physical activity and perceived job demand, job control, perceived stress and energy, and physiological arousal reflected by morning and evening concentrations of cortisol in saliva among white-collar workers.
Physical activity during the last week was assessed during work and leisure time by a Danish version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and saliva samples were collected. The study group comprised 389 white-collar workers, aged 25-67 years, and of which 257 were women.
We found that physical activity during leisure time was associated with higher perceived energy, and for men also with lower perceived stress. Further, we found that physical activity at leisure time affected the association between salivary cortisol and perceived stress and energy so that respondents being physically active at leisure time and perceiving higher energy showed higher evening saliva cortisol.
Physically active employees perceive less stress and more energy. The association between stress-energy and salivary cortisol was affected by vigorous physical activity. No association between job control-demand and the degree of physical activity was found. Based on the present data, we recommend office workers-exposed to high job strain and inactivity at the job-to perform physical activity, preferably of high intensity, in order to reduce stress and increase energy.
本研究旨在探讨体力活动与白领工作者感知的工作需求、工作控制、压力和精力以及唾液中皮质醇早晚浓度反映的生理唤醒之间的关系。
通过丹麦版国际体力活动问卷在工作和休闲时间评估过去一周的体力活动，采集唾液样本。研究组包括 389 名年龄在 25-67 岁之间的白领工作者，其中 257 名为女性。
我们发现，休闲时间的体力活动与更高的感知精力有关，而对于男性，还与更低的感知压力有关。此外，我们发现，休闲时间的体力活动影响唾液皮质醇与感知压力和精力之间的关系，因此，在休闲时间进行体力活动并感知到更高精力的受访者，其晚上唾液皮质醇水平更高。
体力活动较多的员工感知到的压力较小，精力更充沛。压力-精力与唾液皮质醇之间的关联受到剧烈体力活动的影响。我们没有发现工作控制-需求与体力活动程度之间存在关联。基于目前的数据，我们建议工作压力大且工作不活跃的办公室工作人员进行体力活动，最好是高强度的体力活动，以减轻压力和增加精力。
