Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Sep;168(1-4):561-74. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1134-z. Epub 2009 Aug 14.
This study proposes a practical method to estimate elemental composition and distribution in order to attribute source and quantify impacts of aerosol particles at an urban region in Kolkata, India. Twelve-hour total particulates were collected in winter (2005-2006) and analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique to determine multi-elemental composition, especially trace metals. The aerosols consist of various elements including K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, and Pb which exhibit significant concentration at various sites (p < 0.05). The concentration of different metallic elements were found in the order of Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cr > Co. Statistical multivariate analysis and correlation matrix analyses were performed for factor identification and consequent source apportionment. Contour profiles demonstrate spatial variation of elemental compositions indicating possible source contribution along with meteorological influences. Spatial differences were clearly most significant for Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cu reflecting the importance of anthropogenic inputs, primarily from automobile sources.
本研究提出了一种实用的方法来估计元素组成和分布，以便对印度加尔各答市区的气溶胶颗粒进行来源归因和量化影响。在冬季（2005-2006 年）收集了 12 小时的总颗粒物，并通过能量色散 X 射线荧光技术进行分析，以确定多元素组成，特别是痕量金属。气溶胶中含有各种元素，包括 K、Ca、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Se 和 Pb，它们在不同地点表现出显著的浓度（p < 0.05）。不同金属元素的浓度顺序为 Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cr > Co。为了进行因子识别和随后的来源分配，进行了统计多元分析和相关矩阵分析。等高线图表明元素组成的空间变化，表明可能存在与气象影响有关的来源贡献。空间差异对于 Zn、Ni、Pb 和 Cu 最为明显，反映了人为输入的重要性，主要来自汽车源。
