Department of Medical Psychology, CoRPS, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Support Care Cancer. 2010 Apr;18(4):499-508. doi: 10.1007/s00520-009-0714-3. Epub 2009 Aug 16.
This study examines the relationships between personality, on the one hand, and perceived availability of social support (PASS) and satisfaction with received social support (SRSS), on the other hand, in women with early stage breast cancer (BC). In addition, this study examined whether a stressful event (i.e., diagnosis) is associated with quality of life (QOL), when controlling for PASS and SRSS.
Women were assessed on PASS and SRSS (World Health Organization QOL assessment instrument-100) before diagnosis (time 1) and 1 (time 2), 3 (time 3), 6 (time 4), 12 (time 5), and 24 months (time 6) after surgical treatment. Personality (neuroticism extraversion openness five-factor inventory and state trait anxiety inventory-trait scale) and fatigue (fatigue assessment scale) were assessed at time 1.
Agreeableness and fatigue predicted PASS and SRSS at time 5 and time 6. Trait anxiety had a negative effect on SRSS (ss = -0.22, p < .05). In addition, having a job was negatively associated with SRSS (time 6, ss = -0.28, p < .05). Across time, women reported a decrease in PASS and SRSS. Path models, used to test whether PASS and/or SRSS functioned as mediators of the link between diagnosis and QOL, reached adequate fit.
Besides factors, like fatigue and having a job, personality factors substantially influence the way women with early stage BC perceive social support. Knowledge about these underlying mechanisms of social support is useful for the development of tailor-made interventions. Professionals should be aware of the importance of social support. They should check whether patients have sufficient significant others in their social environment and be sensitive to potential discrepancies patients might experience between availability and adequacy of social support.
本研究考察了人格与感知社会支持可用性（PASS）和接受社会支持满意度（SRSS）之间的关系，这些关系在早期乳腺癌（BC）女性中存在。此外，本研究还考察了在控制 PASS 和 SRSS 的情况下，应激事件（即诊断）是否与生活质量（QOL）相关。
女性在诊断前（时间 1）和手术后 1 个月（时间 2）、3 个月（时间 3）、6 个月（时间 4）、12 个月（时间 5）和 24 个月（时间 6）进行 PASS 和 SRSS（世界卫生组织生活质量评估工具-100）评估。人格（神经质、外向性、开放性五因素量表和状态特质焦虑量表特质量表）和疲劳（疲劳评估量表）在时间 1 进行评估。
宜人性和疲劳预测了时间 5 和时间 6 的 PASS 和 SRSS。特质焦虑对 SRSS 有负面影响（ss = -0.22，p <.05）。此外，有工作与 SRSS 呈负相关（时间 6，ss = -0.28，p <.05）。随着时间的推移，女性报告 PASS 和 SRSS 下降。用于测试 PASS 和/或 SRSS 是否作为诊断与 QOL 之间联系的中介因素的路径模型，达到了足够的拟合度。
除了疲劳和工作等因素外，人格因素也极大地影响了早期 BC 女性对社会支持的感知方式。了解这些社会支持的潜在机制对制定量身定制的干预措施很有用。专业人员应该意识到社会支持的重要性。他们应该检查患者在其社会环境中是否有足够的重要他人，并对患者在可用性和社会支持充足性之间可能存在的潜在差异保持敏感。
