Bissett Patrick G, Nee Derek Evan, Jonides John
Vanderbilt University, Department of Psychology, 111 21st Avenue South, 301 Wilson Hall, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2009 Sep;35(5):1306-16. doi: 10.1037/a0016537.
The ability to mitigate interference is of central importance to cognition. Previous research has provided conflicting accounts about whether operations that resolve interference are singular in character or form a family of functions. Here, the authors examined the relationship between interference-resolution processes acting on working memory representations versus responses. The authors combined multiple forms of interference into a single paradigm by merging a directed-forgetting task, which induces proactive interference, with a stop-signal task, which taps response inhibition processes. The results demonstrated that proactive interference and response inhibition produced distinct behavioral signatures that did not interact. By contrast, combining two different measures of response inhibition by merging a go/no-go task variant and a stop signal produced overadditive behavioral interference, demonstrating that different forms of response inhibition tap the same processes. However, not all forms of response conflict interacted, suggesting that inhibition-related functions acting on response selection are dissociable from those acting on response inhibition. These results suggest that inhibition-related functions for memory and responses are dissociable.
减轻干扰的能力对认知至关重要。先前的研究对于解决干扰的操作是具有单一特性还是构成一系列功能给出了相互矛盾的说法。在此，作者们考察了作用于工作记忆表征与反应的干扰解决过程之间的关系。作者们通过将诱导前摄干扰的定向遗忘任务与挖掘反应抑制过程的停止信号任务合并，将多种形式的干扰整合到一个单一范式中。结果表明，前摄干扰和反应抑制产生了不相互作用的独特行为特征。相比之下，通过合并一个“去/不去”任务变体和一个停止信号来结合两种不同的反应抑制测量方法，产生了超加性的行为干扰，表明不同形式的反应抑制利用了相同的过程。然而，并非所有形式的反应冲突都会相互作用，这表明作用于反应选择的与抑制相关的功能与作用于反应抑制的功能是可分离的。这些结果表明，与记忆和反应相关的抑制功能是可分离的。
