Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2010 Aug;39(8):953-66. doi: 10.1007/s10964-009-9442-8. Epub 2009 Aug 18.
Transactional theories of development suggest that displaying high levels of antisocial behavior early in life and persistently over time causes disruption in multiple life domains, which in turn places individuals at risk for negative life outcomes. We used longitudinal data from 1,137 primarily African American urban youth (49.1% female) to determine whether different trajectories of aggressive and disruptive behavior problems were associated with a range of negative life outcomes in young adulthood. General growth mixture modeling was used to classify the youths' patterns of aggressive-disruptive behavior across elementary school. These trajectories were then used to predict early sexual activity, early pregnancy, school dropout, unemployment, and drug abuse in young adulthood. The trajectories predicted the number but not type of negative life outcomes experienced. Girls with the chronic high aggression-disruption (CHAD) pattern experienced more negative outcomes than girls with consistently moderate levels, who were at greater risk than nonaggressive-nondisruptive girls. Boys with CHAD and boys with an increasing pattern had equal levels of risk for experiencing negative outcomes. The findings are consistent with transactional models of development and have implications for preventive interventions.
发展的交易理论表明，个体在早期和长时间内表现出高水平的反社会行为，会导致多个生活领域的混乱，从而使个体面临负面生活结果的风险。我们使用了来自 1137 名主要是非洲裔美国城市青年（49.1%为女性）的纵向数据，以确定攻击性和破坏性行为问题的不同轨迹是否与年轻人的一系列负面生活结果有关。一般增长混合模型用于对青少年在小学期间的攻击性破坏性行为模式进行分类。然后，这些轨迹被用来预测年轻人的早期性行为、早孕、辍学、失业和吸毒。轨迹预测了经历的负面生活结果的数量，但没有预测类型。具有慢性高攻击性破坏性行为（CHAD）模式的女孩比一直处于中度水平的女孩经历的负面结果更多，而后者比没有攻击性和破坏性的女孩面临更大的风险。具有 CHAD 模式和增加模式的男孩经历负面结果的风险水平相等。这些发现与发展的交易模型一致，对预防干预具有重要意义。
