为什么选择 Aire？为晚期开花者提供补偿。
Why Aire? Compensating for late bloomers.
机构信息
Conceptual Immunology Group, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
出版信息
Eur J Immunol. 2009 Nov;39(11):2969-72. doi: 10.1002/eji.200939628.
Abstract
The question under analysis in this commentary is, what was the evolutionary selection pressure that necessitated the ectopic expression of a subset of peripheral self-antigens in the thymus and by peripheral APC? The suggestion is that antigen expression is delayed until after the immune system is responsive.
摘要
本评论分析的问题是，是什么进化选择压力需要在外周自身抗原的子集在胸腺和外周 APC 中异位表达？这表明抗原表达是延迟到免疫系统有反应之后。
相似文献
1
Why Aire? Compensating for late bloomers.为什么选择 Aire？为晚期开花者提供补偿。
Eur J Immunol. 2009 Nov;39(11):2969-72. doi: 10.1002/eji.200939628.
2
Control of central and peripheral tolerance by Aire.Aire 对中枢和外周耐受的控制。
Immunol Rev. 2011 May;241(1):89-103. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01008.x.
3
AIRE expands: new roles in immune tolerance and beyond.AIRE的扩展：免疫耐受及其他方面的新作用。
Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 Apr;16(4):247-58. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.9. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
4
Transcriptional regulation by AIRE: molecular mechanisms of central tolerance.由自身免疫调节因子（AIRE）介导的转录调控：中枢耐受的分子机制
Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Dec;8(12):948-57. doi: 10.1038/nri2450.
5
AIRE in the thymus and beyond.胸腺及其他部位的自身免疫调节因子（AIRE）
Curr Opin Immunol. 2009 Dec;21(6):582-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2009.08.007. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
6
The Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) Gene, The Master Activator of Self-Antigen Expression in the Thymus.自身免疫调节因子（AIRE）基因，胸腺中自身抗原表达的主要激活因子。
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1471:199-221. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-77921-3_7.
7
Breakdown of T cell tolerance and autoimmunity in primary immunodeficiency--lessons learned from monogenic disorders in mice and men.原发性免疫缺陷中T细胞耐受性的破坏与自身免疫——从小鼠和人类单基因疾病中获得的经验教训。
Curr Opin Immunol. 2008 Dec;20(6):646-54. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2008.10.004. Epub 2008 Nov 12.
8
Transcript splicing optimizes the thymic self-antigen repertoire to suppress autoimmunity.转录剪接优化了胸腺自身抗原库，以抑制自身免疫。
J Clin Invest. 2024 Oct 15;134(20):e179612. doi: 10.1172/JCI179612.
9
Aire controls gene expression in the thymic epithelium with ordered stochasticity.自身免疫调节因子（Aire）通过有序的随机性控制胸腺上皮中的基因表达。
Nat Immunol. 2015 Sep;16(9):942-9. doi: 10.1038/ni.3247. Epub 2015 Aug 3.
10
Selection of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells specific for self antigen expressed and presented by Aire+ medullary thymic epithelial cells.由艾里（Aire）阳性髓质胸腺上皮细胞表达和呈递的、针对自身抗原的叉头框蛋白3（Foxp3）阳性调节性T细胞的选择。
Nat Immunol. 2007 Apr;8(4):351-8. doi: 10.1038/ni1444. Epub 2007 Feb 25.
引用本文的文献
1
Twenty Years of AIRE.二十载 AIRE 历程。
Front Immunol. 2018 Feb 12;9:98. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00098. eCollection 2018.
2
Learning from a contemporary history of immunology.从当代免疫学历史中学习。
Immunol Res. 2017 Jun;65(3):573-591. doi: 10.1007/s12026-017-8908-0.
3
Analysis of Paris meeting redefining the "self" of the immune system.巴黎会议对免疫系统“自我”的重新定义分析。
Immunol Res. 2015 May;62(1):106-24. doi: 10.1007/s12026-015-8641-5.
4
Lymphopenia-induced proliferation in aire-deficient mice helps to explain their autoimmunity and differences from human patients.淋巴细胞减少诱导的无Aire小鼠增殖有助于解释其自身免疫性以及与人类患者的差异。
Front Immunol. 2014 Feb 13;5:51. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00051. eCollection 2014.
5
Serial progression of cortical and medullary thymic epithelial microenvironments.皮质和髓质胸腺上皮微环境的连续进展。
Eur J Immunol. 2014 Jan;44(1):16-22. doi: 10.1002/eji.201344110. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
6
Expression of the autoimmune regulator gene and its relevance to the mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance.自身免疫调节基因的表达及其与中枢和外周耐受机制的相关性。
Clin Dev Immunol. 2012;2012:207403. doi: 10.1155/2012/207403. Epub 2012 Oct 22.
7
Ten experiments that would make a difference in understanding immune mechanisms.十种可能改变免疫机制理解的实验。
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2012 Feb;69(3):405-12. doi: 10.1007/s00018-011-0869-1. Epub 2011 Nov 1.
8
The evolutionary context for a self-nonself discrimination.自我-非我区分的进化背景。
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2010 Sep;67(17):2851-62. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0438-z. Epub 2010 Jun 24.
本文引用的文献
1
Neonatal tolerance revisited: a perinatal window for Aire control of autoimmunity.重新审视新生儿耐受性：Aire控制自身免疫的围产期窗口。
J Exp Med. 2009 Jun 8;206(6):1245-52. doi: 10.1084/jem.20090300. Epub 2009 Jun 1.
2
Aire.自身免疫调节因子
Annu Rev Immunol. 2009;27:287-312. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141532.
3
On the opposing views of the self-nonself discrimination by the immune system.关于免疫系统对自身与非自身识别的对立观点。
Immunol Cell Biol. 2009 Feb;87(2):113-9, discussion 120-1. doi: 10.1038/icb.2008.96. Epub 2008 Dec 2.
4
How does the immune response get started?免疫反应是如何启动的？
Cell Immunol. 2009;254(2):91-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2008.10.005. Epub 2008 Nov 20.
5
Deletional tolerance mediated by extrathymic Aire-expressing cells.由胸腺外表达艾里蛋白的细胞介导的缺失性耐受。
Science. 2008 Aug 8;321(5890):843-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1159407.
6
The lymphotoxin pathway regulates Aire-independent expression of ectopic genes and chemokines in thymic stromal cells.淋巴毒素途径调节胸腺基质细胞中异位基因和趋化因子的非Aire依赖性表达。
J Immunol. 2008 Apr 15;180(8):5384-92. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.8.5384.
7
Sequential phases in the development of Aire-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells involve distinct cellular input.表达艾里蛋白的髓质胸腺上皮细胞发育过程中的连续阶段涉及不同的细胞输入。
Eur J Immunol. 2008 Apr;38(4):942-7. doi: 10.1002/eji.200738052.
8
A specific anti-Aire antibody reveals aire expression is restricted to medullary thymic epithelial cells and not expressed in periphery.一种特异性抗艾里蛋白抗体显示，艾里蛋白的表达仅限于胸腺髓质上皮细胞，在外周不表达。
J Immunol. 2008 Mar 15;180(6):3824-32. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.6.3824.
9
Danger-free autoimmune disease in Aire-deficient mice.Aire 基因缺陷小鼠中的无危险自身免疫性疾病
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 13;104(46):18193-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0709160104. Epub 2007 Nov 8.
10
Spontaneous autoimmunity prevented by thymic expression of a single self-antigen.单一自身抗原的胸腺表达可预防自发性自身免疫。
J Exp Med. 2006 Nov 27;203(12):2727-35. doi: 10.1084/jem.20061864. Epub 2006 Nov 20.
Zotero 插件