Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Respiration. 2010;79(3):255-61. doi: 10.1159/000235721. Epub 2009 Aug 19.
The objective of this review is to sum up the literature regarding the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after hospitalization for an acute exacerbation. Guidelines recommend a follow-up 4-6 weeks after hospitalization to assess coping strategies, inhaler technique, the need for long-term oxygen therapy and the measurement of FEV(1). This review discusses the follow-up of patients with exacerbations of COPD, the use and value of spirometry in their further management, the potential benefit of home monitoring, the value of long-term oxygen therapy, the value of self-management programs including the use of action plans, the potential benefit of noninvasive ventilation as well as the value of early rehabilitation. There is not enough literature to allow specific recommendations and to define components of a care plan after hospitalization for an acute exacerbation; however, early rehabilitation should be included.
本次综述的目的在于总结慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者住院治疗急性加重期后的管理文献。指南建议在住院后 4-6 周进行随访，以评估应对策略、吸入器技术、是否需要长期氧疗以及 FEV(1)的测量。本综述讨论了 COPD 加重患者的随访、在进一步管理中使用和评估肺功能的价值、家庭监测的潜在获益、长期氧疗的价值、自我管理计划（包括行动计划的使用）的价值、无创通气的潜在获益以及早期康复的价值。目前的文献尚不足以提出具体的建议，也无法确定急性加重住院后护理计划的组成部分；然而，应包括早期康复。
