Miller N S, Gold M S
Department of Psychiatry, New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, White Plains 10605.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1990 Jan-Mar;22(1):23-33. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1990.10472194.
Many recent studies have clearly documented the development of tolerance, dependence, and addiction to benzodiazepines. In spite of these studies and reviews of the literature, confusion remains regarding the risk and benefits of the use of benzodiazepines in medical practice. The source of the confusion arises in part from the lack of clarity in the definitions of tolerance, dependence, and addiction. The distinctions among these important terms are frequently obscured in research studies and, especially, in clinical practice. In addition, the practice of separating medical from nonmedical populations in reports of benzodiazepine dependence is misleading. The overlap between medical and nonmedical benzodiazepine users is large, so that many of these individuals fall into both categories. These and other points should be considered as serious questions to the safety and freedom from dependence and addiction in any drug-using population.
近期许多研究已明确记录了对苯二氮䓬类药物产生耐受性、依赖性和成瘾性的情况。尽管有这些研究以及对文献的综述，但在医学实践中使用苯二氮䓬类药物的风险和益处方面仍存在困惑。这种困惑部分源于耐受性、依赖性和成瘾性定义的不明确。在研究中，尤其是在临床实践中，这些重要术语之间的区别常常被模糊。此外，在关于苯二氮䓬类药物依赖性的报告中，将医疗人群与非医疗人群区分开来的做法具有误导性。医疗和非医疗苯二氮䓬类药物使用者之间的重叠很大，以至于许多人同时属于这两类。在任何药物使用人群中，这些以及其他要点都应被视为关乎安全性以及免于依赖性和成瘾性的严肃问题。
